妊娠期期高血压疾病 中英版PPT.ppt

第八章 妊娠期并发症妇女的护理; ;第四节 妊娠期高血压疾病Hypertensive States of Pregnancy; 本病以高血压、蛋白尿、水肿为主要症状，可伴有全身多器官功能损害或衰竭，重者可出现抽搐、昏迷甚至死亡，严重危害母婴健康，是孕产妇及围生儿死亡的主要原因。 hypertensive states of pregnancy：The main symptoms are hypertension, proteinuria, edema, accompanied by multiple organ disfunction or failure, seriously to be possible to have twitches, the stupor even maternal infant to die. http://www.health.am/pregnancy/hypertensive-states-of-pregnancy/;【病理生理】 全身小动脉痉挛;【pathophysiology】 systemic arteriole spasm;【临床表现及分类】manifestation and calssification;轻度：BP≥140/90mmHg，孕20周以后出现；尿蛋白≥300mg/24h或（+）。可伴有上腹不适、头痛、视力模糊等症状。 Preeclampsia is hypertension associated with proteinuria and edema, occurring primarily in nulliparas after the 20th gestational week and most frequently near term. There are 2 categories of preeclampsia, mild and severe. mild preeclampsia is defined as the following: (1) HTN (BP≥140/90mmHg); (2) proteinuria exceeding 0.3 g in a 24-hour period or 1-2+ on dipstick testing;(3) Edema (hands or/and face) without other signs/symptoms;重度：BP≥160/110mmHg；尿蛋白≥2.0g/24h或（++）～（++++） ；血肌酐＞106μmol/L；血小板＜100×109 /L；微血管病性溶血（血LDH升高）；血清ALT或AST升高；持续性头痛或其它脑神经或视觉障碍；持续性上腹不适。 Severe preeclampsia is defined as the following: (1) blood pressure greater than 160 mm Hg systolic or 110 mm Hg diastolic on 2 occasions 6 hours apart; (2) proteinuria exceeding 2 g in a 24-hour period or 2-4+ on dipstick testing; (3) increased serum creatinine ( 1.2 mg/dL unless known to be elevated previously); (4) oliguria ≤500 mL/24 h; (5) cerebral or visual disturbances; (6) epigastric pain; (7) elevated liver enzymes; (8) thrombocytopenia (platelet count 100,000/mm3); (9) retinal hemorrhages, exudates, or papilledema; and (10) pulmonary edema. ;子痫:子痫前期患者发生抽搐不能用其它原因解释 子痫分产前子痫、产时子痫、产后子痫，以产前子痫多见。 Eclampsia is the occurrence of seizures that cannot be attributed to other causes in a preeclamptic patient. prenatal eclampsia, intrapartum eclampsia, postpartum eclampsia clinical findings：seizure，Unconsciousness，apneic