外研版必修四module1知识点.doc

重点短语 have no alternative but (=have no choice but) 除……外别无选择; 只要…… alternative energy 可代替能源 an alternative plan 替代方案 load … with sth. 给… 装某物 load the truck with coal 给汽车装上煤 be on fire 着火(强调状态) catch fire 失火(强调动作,无被动语态) set fire to sth 放火烧某物 command sb to do sth 命令某人做某事 command that… (that从句中要用should+动词原形, should可省略) free of charge 免费,不花钱 in charge of 负责，管理 in the charge of 由…负责 take charge of 负责管理,负责照顾 be charged with… 充满 attach sth to sth 把某物固定/附在某物上 attach oneself to 参加;和…在一起,缠着 be attached to… 连在…上; 附属于….; 系在……上 attach importance/value to sth.认为某事很重要/有价值 for sure 肯定地,有把握地 sb. is sure to do sth 某人一定/肯定做某事 be sure + that-clause 确信,相信…… make sure of /about sth 确保…… make sure + that-clause 确保 sb. run out of sth 某人用完了某东西 sth. run out 某物用完了(没有了) rely on/upon 依靠,信赖;取决于 rely on it that… 指望…..,对……不怀疑 get rid of =rid…of 摆脱,丢掉;除去,赶走,消灭 with + 复合宾语结构,常用的结构形式有:①with+宾语+现在分词(强调宾语是现在分词动作的发出者或某状态、动作正在进行)②with+宾语+过去分词(强调宾语是过去分词动作的承受者或动作已经发生)③with+宾语+形容词(强调宾语的特性和状态)④with+宾语+副词⑤with+宾语+不定式(不定式动作尚未发生)⑥with+宾语+介词短语 place an order 订购 carry out an operation 做手术 be optimistic about… .对……乐观的 be optimistic that… 对…..乐观 in shape 处于良好状态,在形状上 in the shape of 以….形状;呈……形 out of shape 变形,走样 look out of 向……外看 look out！ 小心，当心 Watch out! ; Be careful! Take care! for a start 首先 to start with = to begin with 首先, 第一 from the start = from the beginning 从开头, 从开始 on the way out 即将被淘汰; 即将过时 on the way n./pron./to doing 即将,来到,接近 can’t…too或never…too “不可能太….”, “再怎么….也不过分” Not all…=All…not… 并非所有的 use up 用完 on