以PC机为控制核心的炉温监控系统的设计.doc

摘 要 随着社会的发展，单片机因其高可靠性和高性价比，在工业控制系统、 智能化仪器仪表和智能接口等诸多领域内得到了极为广泛的应用。本文介绍的是以PC机为控制核心的炉温监控系统的设计。介绍了电阻炉的工作原理及常规测温的方法；介绍了PC机在温度控制中对数据的采集、处理的相关知识；分析了系统的软、硬件结构及工作原理；基于单片机控制的电阻炉温度控制系统是一种智能型控制系统。该系统由AT89C51单片机及晶振电路，温度传感器，信号放大，A/D转换，显示电路，声光报警电路组成，以温度为被控制量的控制系统，适用于大功率的电阻锅炉。一种基于单片机的大动态范围、温度传感器的设计研制，将被测温度信号由模拟量转换为数字量，利用单片机系统达到高精度的要求，整个系统有LED显示和键盘输入等功能。系统设有声光报警系统，当温度超过限定范围时，能够及时提醒人们，以免出现意外事故。系统功能齐全，体现了人性化设计思路，并且价格便宜，能满足广大市场的需求。 关键词：单片机；电阻炉；温度传感器；A/D转换器；报警；PID算法 Abstract With the development of society, Single-Chip Microcomputer gains wide applications in industry control system, intelligent interface, intelligent instruments and office automation system so on, for its higher reliability and cost performance. In this papers, the temperature control system of electric stove is a intelligent control system。The control system includes the AT89C51single chip microprocessor and Circuits of restituting position，circuits of exportation and importation, Circuits of translation code, transmission and induction system of temperature, the interface of coefficient, circuits of showing, stashing equipment and circuits of interface. The temperature is the controlled variable and a closed loop system is constructed. The designed system is available for automatic equipment of electricity and caloric. A design and research that make menstruated signal from simulation to digital amount, which transmission and induction system of temperature, can reach to the request of accuracy with the Single Chip microprocessor. The System include un-linear correction, compensation about temperature many points. Some function of LED showing and keyboard input. System with sound and light warning system, when the temperature exceeds the allotted range, the timely reminder that, in order to avoid accidents. Fully functional system, embodies the human design, and the inexpensive and can meet the needs of the broad masses of the market. Keywords: Single Chip Microcomputer; Resistance fumier; Temperature sensor; A/D co