六、倒装、省略与替代.ppt

倒装、省略与替代等 （Inversion, Ellipsis and Substitution, etc） 倒装 (Inversion) 倒装是语言中的一种强调手段，通常将正常语序中较晚出现的成分移至句首。倒装主要分为全部倒装和部分倒装。 全部倒装(又称主谓倒装) 即把整个谓语置于主语之前： 状语/表语+谓语+主语 Here comes the bus. Away went the car. First came the president and then his wife. Equally inexplicable（难以理解的）was his behavior towards his son. There, in the distance, stands a big tree. Sitting around her were her children. 注意：在该句型中，如果主语为代词，主语和谓语动词不倒装。如： Away they went. There he comes. 部分倒装的几种情况 一、句首为否定副词或带有否定意义的词组时 常见词(组)有never, nowhere, no sooner (…than), not until, infrequently, little, rarely, seldom, hardly, neither, nor, not only, in no way, by no means, in/under no circumstances等。 Neither do we know how the universe began, or how it will end---if, indeed, it ends at all. Never will anybody move without a force strong enough to overcome the resistance. Never has my brother been abroad before. Hardly had I sat down when I heard someone knocking at the door. No sooner had he returned than he bought a fine house and went to live there. 二、only置于句首，修饰状语(从句)时 Only in this way can we accomplish it on time. Only as the air bubbles out（排出）does the water fill the container. 注意：only修饰主语时不倒装。 Only this way leads to the island. Only a small number of people supported the government at that time. 三、句首为表示方式及频度的副词时 Often does he warn us not to touch the poisonous chemical. Well do I remember the day when it happened. Often had I intended to speak of it. 四、以so (…that)开头的句子 So great was the destruction that the south took decades to recover. So quickly did the workmen finish their work that they were given more pay. 五、as引导的让步状语从句中，表示状态、情形的形容词或零冠词名词置于句首 Prominent (卓越的) as he is in his field, he remains easy-going. Child as he is, he does envy him. 六、在省略了if的虚拟条件句中 Were I you, I wouldnt feel sorry. Had the captain been more careful, his ship would not have been sunk. Should the weather be wet, the meeting would not be held. 省略与替代(Ellipsis and Substitution) 省略与替代二者有着紧密的联系，都是为了精简词语和避免重复，常常交替使用，从而使语言简洁明了，上下文联系更加紧密。 省略:?某一