十分钟英语史PPT.ppt

The history of English in 10 minutes ;由Clive Anderson配音，本课程以轻松娱乐的方式将长达1600年的英语史压缩进10段1分钟左右的短片，展现了从莎士比亚时期、詹姆斯钦定版圣经到美式英 语、网络语言中的英文单词和短语的词源。本课基于各种引人入胜的史实，带观众浏览了英语史，以及英语在21世纪的发展和未来。 ;《英国公开大学:10分钟英语史》;《英国公开大学:10分钟英语史》;Chapter 1. Anglo-Saxon;While they were away, Christian missionaries stole in bringing with them leaflets about jumble sales and more Latin. Christianity was a hit with the locals and made them much happier to take on funky new words like ‘martyr’, ‘bishop’ and ‘font’. 当他们离开的时候，基督教传教士溜了进来，随身带来了义卖传单和更多的拉丁语。基督教在当地轰动一时，让他们乐于接受时髦的新词，比如“殉道者”，“主教”和“洗礼盆”。 Along came the Vikings, with their action-man words like ‘drag’, ‘ransack’, ‘thrust’ and ‘die’. They may have raped and pillaged but they were also into ‘give’ and ‘take’ – two of around 2000 words that they gave English, as well as the phrase ‘watch out for that man with the enormous axe.’ 同时到来的还有北欧海盗，以及他们雷厉风行的词汇，比如“拖”，“掠夺”，“刺”，“死亡”。他们可能奸淫掳掠过，但他们同样热衷于“给予”和“索取”——这是他们带到英语中的约2000个词汇中的2个。他们带来的还有这个习语：“小心挥舞着巨大斧头的人！”;Chapter Two, The Norman Conquest;Latin was still used ad nauseam in church, but the common man spoke English, able to communicate only by speaking more slowly and loudly until the others understood him. Words like cow, sheep and swine come from the English-speaking farmers. While the a la carte versions beef, mutton and pork come from the French-speaking toffs, beginning a long-running trend of restaurants having completely indecipherable menus. 拉丁语依然“令人生厌”的应用于各个教堂，但普通人讲英语，只能通过放慢语速和提高音量来让人听懂，达成沟通。有些词如“公牛”，“羊”和 “猪”，源自说英语的农民。而“菜单”上的版本“牛肉”，“羊肉”和“猪肉”则源自说法语的有钱人，餐馆制定让人完全读不懂的菜单的持续趋势，就是从那时 开始的。 ;All in all, the English absorbed about 10,000 new words from the Normans, though they still couldnt grasp the rules of cheek kissing. The bon-ami all ended when the English nation took their new warlike lingo of armies, navies and soldiers and began the Hundred Years War against France. It actually lasted 116 years but by that point, no one could count any higher in French and English took over as the language of power. 总的