圆形铸造件自动无损探伤检测分拣系统.doc

摘要 PLC是一种专门为在工业环境下应用而设计的数字运算操作的电子装置。它采用可以编制程序的存储器，用来在其内部存储执行逻辑运算、顺序运算、计时、计数和算术运算等操作的指令，并能通过数字式或模拟式的输入和输出，控制各种类型的机械或生产过程。PLC及其有关的外围设备都应该按易于与工业控制系统形成一个整体，易于扩展其功能的原则而设计。 本系统主要运用了PLC开关量的逻辑控制。这是PLC最基本、最广泛的应用领域，它取代传统的继电器电路，实现逻辑控制、顺序控制，既可用于单台设备的控制，也可用于多机群控及自动化流水线。如注塑机、印刷机、订书机械、组合机床、磨床、包装生产线、电镀流水线等。 本系统另外一个重要组成部分就是输出为开关量（“”和”或“开”和“关”）的开关型传感器。在这套系统中用到了无接触接近式传感器电涡流式传感器、光电传感器、磁传感器（磁性开关）。分别实现检测工件、系统机械转动装置及汽缸运动是否到位等功能。 结合以上两个的特点，将PLC和传感器结合起来组成了圆柱形铸造件自动无损探伤检测分拣系统，它结合了两者之间的优点，具有控制原理简单、使用方便、控制精度高等特点。 本文先讲述了各组成部分的特点及优点。 其次具体介绍了本系统的工作方式。 最后通过调试达到本系统所应该起到的作用及其效果。 关键词 ： PLC 逻辑控制 开关型传感器 1.1.1 PLC的特点··························································1 1.1.2 PLC的应用领域·····················································1 1.1.3 PLC未来展望·····················································2 1.1.4 PLC基础知识···············································3 1.1.5 PLC控制系统的设计基本原则····································4 1.1.6 PLC软件系统及常用编程语言····································4 1.1.7 STEP7程序的使用·················································5 1.1.8 WINCC程序的使用·············································6 第二章 传感器 2.1.2传感器的分类···················································7 2.1.3传感器的静态特性···················································7 第三章 气压传动····························································10 3.1.1气压传动工作原理················································10 3.1.2气压传动系统简····················································10 3.1.3气动元件···························································10 3.1.4气动执行元件······························13 4.1 圆形铸造件自动无损探伤检测系统的结构设计····························13 4.1.1各部分组成介绍···················································13 4.1.2工作过程···················································13 4.2 硬件接线图··················································16 4.3 工作流程图···············································17 4.4 PLC地址表及状态流程图··············································18 4.5 PLC梯形图························································20 结束