室内设计外文翻译住宅布局概论其他专业.doc

1、外文资料 《Introduction to Residential Layout》 Mike Biddulph First edition 2007 2.“Ensuring commercial viability” In this chapter we explore the commercial aspects of housing design and layout.It is really important that designers understand that the buildings and spaces that they design are typically built and sold for profit,and to umderstand something of how their product will be evaluated in commercial terms.As a result,this chapter outlines a development appraisal known as the residual valuation technique and we apply it to a particular development scheme.The point is not to turn designers into quantity surveyors,but instead to inform the mentality of the designer so that their work is not commercially naive.The residual valuation is a straightforward technique that can be used early in the planning of a simple development scheme ,although other,more elaborate and precise techniques will also be used by quantity surveyors working in practice.We will work through a valuation to explore how a design might shape its market potential ,and explore how a design can be adjusted to become more profitable.We will also consider how designers can use design to add value to schemes by using layout techniques commonly observed in practice. COMPLETING A DEVELOPMENT APPRAISAL The basicequation In costing a planned residential development it is important to design a scheme where the predicted returns are greater than the costs.The difference between the returns and the costs is known as the residual.This residual can be used to determine the value of the land onto which the planned homes will be built. In preparing a valuation for a scheme the following basic equation should be used: Development Value—Development Costs=Possible Land Value CALCULATING DEVELOPMENT VALUES The costing of speculative residential development is relatively straightforward as the value of the property is simple the price that the property is ultimately sold for.Inprediccting this value it is import