内脏学1 PPT.ppt

Splanchnology内脏学 Department of Anatomy Yunyang medical college down Up 目的和要求 1. 掌握内脏学的概念，胸部的重要标志线和腹部的分区，了解内脏的一般结构。 2．掌握消化系统的组成，了解其功能。 3．了解口腔的分部、境界、唇、颊、腭的形态结构。 4．掌握乳牙和恒牙的牙式，牙的形态结构。 5．掌握舌的形态结构和粘膜特征，掌握颏舌肌的位置和作用。 6．掌握唾液腺的位置和导管开口部位。 7．掌握咽的位置、分部、各部的形态结构和交通，了解咽壁肌。掌握各扁桃体的位置和功能。 8．掌握食管的起止、分段、位置及狭窄部位，了解食管壁的结构。 Chapter 4 The General Description Difinition:means the study of viscera(alimentary system,respiratory system,urinary system and genital system) Association: morphology location function origin Up down Ⅰ. The general structure of viscera Ⅰ) The tubular organ 中空性器官 mucosa submucosa muscular coats serosa/adventitia Up down Ⅱ)The parenchymatous organ实质性器官 hilum/porta Ⅱ. The reference line and abdominal regions Ⅰ) The common used reference lines of the thorax 胸部标志线 Anterior median line Sternal line Midclavicular line Parasternal line Anterior axillary line Posterior axillary line Midaxillary line Scapular line Posterior median line Up down Composition Digestive tube消化管 Mouth口腔 Pharynx咽 Esophagus食管 Stomach胃 Small intestine 小肠 Large intestine Duodenum Jejunum Ileum Superior digestive tube Inferior digestive tube Up down Digestive glands消化腺 Major salivary glands大唾液腺 Liver肝 Pancreas胰 Function: ingestion, digestion, absorption, egesting Up down Section 1 The Oral Cavity 口腔 Consists of two parts Oral vestibule口腔前庭: between cheeks and lip and teeth Oral cavity proper固有口腔: within arch of teeth Up down Oral vestibule leads, by the space behind the molar teeth, into the oral cavity proper Ⅰ. Oral lips 口唇 Ⅱ. Cheek 颊 Papilla of parotid duct 腮腺管乳头 Up down Ⅲ. Palate 腭 Two parts Hard palate: anterior 2/3, formed by the maxilla and palatine bone Soft palate: posterior 1/3 Velum palatinum 腭帆 Uvula 腭垂 Palatoglossal arch 腭舌弓 Palatophary