公园植物叶面灰尘重金属污染.pdf

Environ Monit Assess (2012) 184:4597–4608 DOI 10.1007/s10661-011-2288-z Contamination of Polish national parks with heavy metals Tomasz Staszewski Włodzimierz Łukasik Piotr Kubiesa Received: 13 January 2011 /Accepted: 2 August 2011 /Published online: 13 August 2011 # Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2011 Abstract The paper presents results of screening can be proposed as a marker to reflect present effect of analysis of all Polish national parks (23) contamina- industrial emission on forests. tion with Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn on the basis of a three- level characteristic of heavy metal presence in Keywords Contamination . Heavy metals . Needles . Norway spruce stands: accumulation on the needle Soil . Spruce surface, concentration of heavy metals in spruce needles and concentration of bioavailable heavy metals in the soil. Based on the obtained results, the Introduction classification of forest ecosystem hazard in national parks with heavy metals was made using synthetic In Poland, a long-term history of air pollution effects indicators. It was found out that Babiogórski, Magurski, on forest ecosystems has began in the 1950s together Ojcowski and Gorczański National Parks, located in the with a rapid development of heavy industry. The lack southern part of the country, were the most polluted with or poor control of emission resulted in a high burden heavy metals. It is probably due to a higher industrial of the natural environment with air pollutants, activity in this part of Poland and the transboundary including dust and heavy metals. In the last decades transport of air pollutants. A little lower level of of the twentieth century, Poland was among the most pollution was