生物柴油新反应器及其应用_张家仁.pdf

化 工 进 展 2015 年第34 卷第4 期 CHEMICAL INDUSTRY AND ENGINEERING PROGRESS ·911 · 综述与专论 生物柴油新反应器及其应用 张家仁，雪晶，孙洪磊 （中国石油天然气股份有限公司石油化工研究院，北京 100195 ） 摘要：生物柴油是石化柴油的重要补充。用传统的搅拌釜和管式反应器制备生物柴油，存在反应速率慢、转化 率低的问题。从提高反应速率和转化率两方面综述了生物柴油新反应器的研究进展。提高反应速率的反应器包 括：微波反应器、空化反应器、旋转床反应器、振荡流反应器、高剪切反应器、静态反应器、微反应器和液液 膜反应器。提高转化率的反应器包括：反应/分离器、反应蒸馏反应器和膜反应器。比较了它们的优势和缺陷。 提出联合使用几种技术，将强化传质与分离技术进行有效整合，使反应器小型化并缩短工艺流程，以建立适应 未来的生产效率高的便携式生物柴油厂。 关键词：生物柴油；反应器；油脂 中图分类号：TQ 51 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1000 –6613 （2015 ）04 –0911 –10 DOI ：10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2015.04.003 Novel biodiesel reactor and its application ZHANG Jiaren ，XUE Jing ，SUN Honglei （PetroChina Petrochemical Research Institute，Beijing 100195 ，China ） Abstract：Biodiesel is an important substitute for petrochemical diesel. When biodiesel is produced commercially by conventional stirred tank and tubular reactor ，the reaction rate is slow and the conversion is low. In this paper ，the advancement of novel biodiesel reactors with the improvement of reaction rate and conversion was reviewed. The reactors for the improvement of reaction rate include microwave reactor ，cavitational reactor ，rotating packed bed ，oscillatory flow reactor ，high shear reactor ，static reactor，microreactor ，and liquid-liquid film reactor. The reactors for the improvement of conversion include reactor/separator ，reactive distillation ，and membrane reactor. The advantages and disadvantages of these reactors were compared. And simultaneous application of several technologies was proposed to integrate effectively the intensification of mass transfer and separation technology ，to minia