老外如何看中国的过去、现在与未来.ppt

BY KARI ANDRESEN, ROSALIE GERBINO, KUNAL KANG, ELEANOR MCCABE, NICHOLAS WOODMAN Changes and Continuities - China The Mnemonic Device Quincey Has Ten Seats Yonder for My Quincea?era . (Qin Han Tang Song Yuan Ming and Qing) 8000 BC – 600 AD Political -First dynasties built on river valleys-Respect to the Middle Kingdom ruler-Mandate of Heaven justifies political overthrow-Dynastic cycle begins to rule Chinese life-Feudalism develops due to large landholdings-Warring States: Zhou ruled mostly as figurehead-Confucius wanted bureaucratic govt-Centralized imperial rule-Establishment of Confucian education system for govt service-Yellow Turban Uprising 8000 BC – 600 AD Economic/Religious -Huang He brought fertile soil-Coined money-Standardized measure and currency-Land distributed into the hands of a few-Indirect trade through the Silk Roads and sea routes -Spirits of ancestors bring good fortune/disaster-Kings consulted gods through oracle bones-Mandate of Heaven - gods determined ruler-Confucius wants harmony and peace through ethics-Daoists want harmony and peace through nature-Legalists want harmony and peace through efficient and harsh rule  8000 BC – 600 AD Social -Peasants live outside cities in hovel-Peasants toiled for land nobles-Family central in society, men good, women bad-Respect for the familys elders-Nobles were literate but peasants werent-Confucian ideal - 5 basic relationships-Land seized from the nobles-Visible gap between rich and poor-One unified language 8000 BC – 600 AD Interactions/Arts -Constantly waging war with other societies-Large campaigns of imperial expansion-Trade with foreign societies-Cities surrounded with walls for protection -Flood control and irrigation-Cities built of wood-Bronze tools-Silk-Iron metallurgy and textiles  600-1450 Political/Economic - Mongols take over China in their reign. -Region of China is called the Golden Horde, led by the infamous Kublai Khan. -The main dynasties du