英国政府和政治.ppt

;1. The Constitution and the Monarchy 2. Parliament 3. Government 4.Political parties Election ; The Constitution ;;;;;The constitution;The constitution; ;The Monarchy;;Government;Basic Structure of UK Central Government;The Legislature (立法机构);Functions of Parliament;Westminster Palace: the House of Parliament （国会大厦）;Name:Elizabeth Alexandra Mary Birth: 21 April 1926;Government· the legislature;Government· the legislature;Government· the legislature; The Sovereign(君主) reigns but doesn’t rule. The United Kingdom is governed, in the name of the Sovereign, by his or her Majesty’s government. The monarch(君主) actually has no real power. The monarch’s power are limited by law and Parliament.; Queen Elizabeth II, and Prince Philip, on the day of the Queens coronation(加冕礼);World’s Model Couple ;The royal family occupies the position of First Family and is expected to set an example in both public and private life. ;The House of Lords;2009年11月18日，英国女王伊丽莎白二世在英国议会上院发表演讲;;The hereditary Peers：;Main function: bring the wide experience of its members into the process of lawmaking. ;The House of Commons ; 659 Members of Parliament, known as “MPs” for short, who represent the 659 geographical areas / constituencies;Three main functions of the house of commons: to pass laws, bills and acts of Parliament To examine, criticize and restrain the actions of the government to influence the future government policy;Government· the Executive;David William Donald Cameron;Government· the Executive;The cabinet meeting;Government· the Executive;The Prime Minister the Cabinet;Government· the Judiciary;IV. The Judiciary;　V. Police;Two branches of law?Civil law（民法）—defines and enforces（强制执行） the duties or obligations of persons to one another?Criminal law（刑法）—by contrast, defines and enforces the obligations of persons to society as a whole; British Political Parties; Since 1945 eight general elections have been won by the Conservative Party and six by th