广中医-中医诊断-舌诊.ppt

  Inspection of tongue望舌 The concept a diagnostic method(诊断方法) observing the changes of the body and coating of the tongue（舌质、舌苔） an important part of inspection Ⅰ The principle of tongue diagnosis 舌诊的原理 1 The tongue is a sprout of the heart (舌为心之苗) 舌体运动是否灵活自如，语言是否清晰，又反映心藏神的功能。 2 the tongue is a manifest of the spleen (舌为脾外候) 足太阴脾经连舌本、散舌下。舌苔与脾胃运化功能相应。舌象与脾主运化，化生气血功能直接有关。 3 the kidney meridian reaches both sides of the tongue and the kidney stores essence. 肾藏精，足少阴肾经挟舌本 the liver stores blood and governs tendons, the liver meridian also extends to the tongue. 肝藏血、主筋，经脉络舌本 the lung reaches the throat and is connected with the tongue 肺系上达咽喉，与舌根相连等等 b. the relationship between the tongue, qi, blood and fluid气血津液与舌象的关系 The tongue depends on qi and blood to nourish and body fluid to moisten. (舌血脉丰富，有赖气血的濡养和津液的滋润) So examination of the tongue can reveal the states of the viscera, qi, blood, and the body fluid. (舌质和舌苔的改变可以反映气血津液的变化） d the constitution of tongue in modern medicine舌的组织结构 舌是由横纹肌组成的肌性器官。 具有协助咀嚼，吞咽，感受味觉和辅助发音 等功能。 Ⅱ The methods and attention points of tongue diagnosis 舌诊的方法和注意事项 a body position and posture of inspection of tongue望舌的体位和伸舌姿势 The patient is asked to sit down or lie in suspiration. 患者取坐位或仰卧位 The tongue is protruded naturally and the tip of the tongue is kept slightly downwards. 伸舌自然，舌体放松，舌面平展，舌尖略向下；尽量张口使舌体充分暴露。 b the sequence of inspection of tongue舌诊的顺序 To begin from the tip of the tongue, then middle and margin . 舌尖—舌中---舌边---舌根 The inspection begins with the tongue body first and then moves to the tongue coating. 先察舌质，后察舌苔 The inspection should be complete and quick. C the announcements of inspection of tongue诊舌的注意事项  The light (the day , naturally.) The diet (the milk, orange.) The drugs (antibiotic ) The oral cavity Ⅲ the content of tongue diagnosis(望舌内容)  1 inspecting the tongue body(望舌质) 2 inspecting the tongue coating(望舌苔) The tongue proper