CK518立式数控车床主轴单元的开发设计.doc

CK518立式数控车床主轴单元的开发设计 摘要 本次研究工作的主要目的是完成CK518主轴单元设计。使其满足旋转精度、结构刚度、静刚度，抗振性、温升和热变形及耐磨性等主要性能，以提高机床的加工质量和加工效率。 第一部分主要介绍了CK518立式数控车床的主轴单元的组成、功用和特点以及影响主轴单元的各个因素：主轴单元或主轴组件是数控立式车床CK518的一个重要组成部分。主轴组件由主轴、主轴轴承及安装在主轴上的传动件、密封件等组成。机床工作时，由主轴夹持工件并带动工件旋转进行切削，承受切削力和驱动力等载荷，直接完成表面成形运动。由于机床转速高，功率大，机床的加工质量，在很大程度上要靠主轴组件保证，因此要求主轴组件具有良好的旋转精度、结构刚度、抗振性、温升和热变形及耐磨性等；第二部分主要说明了主轴组件的布局方式和主轴的设计以及滚动轴承设计选择；第三部分主要是主轴单元的部件的校核计算，主要包括主轴的刚度，前、后轴承支反力，主轴的前端挠度，前、后轴承的弹性变形量，轴承预紧量，滚子所受预载荷等等。 CK518立式数控车床具有高转速、大扭矩，高刚性等特点。该机床可加工各种短轴类、盘类零件，车削各种螺纹、圆弧、圆锥、回转体的内外曲面、端面、沟槽、钻、扩、铰等，适用于形状复杂的中小批量零件，以及精度、尺寸一致性要求高的大批量零件的加工。该类机床在国内外汽车行业广泛应用，是一种高效、高精度、高质量、高效益、低成本，投资回报期短，性能价格比高的机床，因此设计为其一种优良的主轴单元具有重大的现实意义。 关键词：数控车床 主轴组件 刚度 轴承 高速切削CK518’s Spindle Assembly Abstract This research works main purpose completes the CK518 main axle unit design. Causes it to satisfy the running accuracy, the structure rigidity, the static rigidity, the vibration-proof, the temperature rise and the thermal deformation and wear resistant and so on main performance, improves engine beds processing quality and the processing efficiency. The first part mainly introduced CK518 vertical numerical control lathes main axle unit composition, function and characteristic as well as influence main axle unit each factor: The main axle unit or the main axle module are numerical control vertical lathe CK518 important components. The main axle module by the main axle, the main shaft bearing and installs on main axles biography moving parts, the seal and so on is composed.therefore requests the main axle module to have the good running accuracy, the structure rigidity, the vibration-proof, the temperature rise and the thermal deformation and wear resistant and so on; The second part mainly explained the main axle modules layout way and main axles design as well as the rolling bearing design choice; The third parts are mainly the main axle unit parts examination computations, mainly includes main axles rigidity, first, a rear bearing reaction, main axles front end amount of