井口压力升降技术研究.doc

专科毕业设计（论文） 题 目:井口压力升降技术研究 学生姓名： 学 号： 教学院系:成人教育与网络学院 专业年级：石油工程 指导教师： 职 称： 单 位： 完成日期：2011年6月01日 摘 要 抽油井井口回压过高将对深井泵造成不利影响，使深井泵漏失量增大，减小泵效，缩短检泵周期。本文介绍了射流泵的理论基础、工作原理、主要技术参数和优点.由于抽油井回压过高直接影响油井产量目前国内多以建接转站形式降低井口回压,提高产量，但建接转站受一次性投资高、建设周期长并需实现油气分输等诸多因素制约。掺水井采用射流泵降回压技术，依靠掺水来液的压力将井口来液吸入射流泵,使井口的回压保持在0.0MPa左右,从而提高油井产量。射流泵油气混输技术完全抛弃了气、液同时加压的模式,根据气液不同的流性特点合理匹配,使用普通离心油泵给液相升压,然后利用高压液流为动力液吸入气体并升压,从而实现油气混输。Venti原理设计的射流掺水泵可以很好地解决这个矛盾，该泵能大大降低油井井口回压、节约能源、实现稠油的加热与乳化双重降粘作用，而且工艺流程简单、设备维护方便、成本低。现场试验还表明，安装射流掺水泵后， 油井悬点载荷降低， 油井产量增加。该设备还可应用于排污、排酸、解堵等。 关键词射流泵降低回压  ABSTRACT Higher backpressure has affection for deep-well pump, such as leakage increasing; pump efficiency reducing, and maintenance period reducing. In this paper, jet pump theory base, working theory, main technical parameter and advantage are introduced. Because pulls out the oil well back pressure excessively high direct influence oil well output，At present domestic many constructs the forwarding station form to reduce the wellhead back pressure, enhances the output, but constructs the forwarding station the disposable investment high, the construction cycle is been long and must realize the oil disposition to lose and so on many factors restrictions. Mixes the water well to use jet pump falls the backpressure technology, depends upon waters the fluid pressure to come the well head the fluid inspiration jet pump, makes the wellhead back pressure to maintain about 0.0 MPa, thus enhances the oil well output. The jet pump oil-gas mixed transferring technology totally asides the pattern that gas and liquid are pressed at the same time and according to the different flowing characteristics of gas and liquid reasonably matching using common centrifugal pump to press the liquid phase and then using the high pressure fluid flow as dynamic fluid absorbing gas and boost its pressure so the oil-gas mixing transferring realized. Because most heavy oi1 wells and waxy wells behave disadvantages of high viscosity，therma1 sens