基于FPGA器件的电子密码锁设计.doc

摘 要 在电子技术飞速发展的今天，具有防盗报警等功能的电子密码锁代替弹子锁和密码量少，安全性差的机械式密码锁已是必然趋势。随着电子技术的发展，电子密码锁的设计也在不断地发展，有传统的PCB板设计、用PLC设计或者用单片机设计等。其中，使用较多的是基于单片机技术的设计。以单片机为主要器件, 其编码器与解码器的生成为软件方式。在实际应用中, 由于程序容易跑飞, 系统的可靠性能较差。而用VHDL可以更加快速、灵活地设计出符合各种要求的密码锁,优于其他设计方法。 本文介绍的是一种基于现场可编程门阵列FPGA 器件的电子密码锁的设计方法。本文采用EDA技术，利用Quartus II工作平台和硬件描述语言，设计了一种电子密码锁，并通过一片FPGA芯片实现。 设计充分利用了FPGA的资源可编程特性，可高效率的对系统进行升级与改进.用FPGA 器件构造系统, 所有算法完全由硬件电路来实现, 使得系统的工作可靠性大为提高。由于FPGA具有IsP功能，当设计需要更改时, 只需更改FPGA 中的控制和接口电路, 利用EDA 工具将更新后的设计下载到FPGA 中即可, 无需更改外部电路的设计, 大大提高了设计的效率。 另外，在本文设计的系统中充分考虑了实际生活的需要，加入了键盘防抖、数码显示控制、自动报警的功能使得设计人性化、实用化，真正起到了为现实生化服务的目的。因此，该密码锁具有较高的推广价值。 关键词：电子密码锁 FPGA 硬件描述语言 EDA Abstract Today, as rapid development in electronic technology, electronic password lock with burglar alarm and other functions replacing less password and poor security mechanical code lock is an inevitable trend. With the development of electronic technology, the design of electronic locks are constantly evolving, with traditional PCB board design, with PLC design or design with a single chip. Among them, most electronic password locks we used now is based upon SCM technology. SCM is its mainly device, and the creating of encoding and decoding devices is the fashion of Software mode. In practice, because of easy running to fly, the system reliability can be poor. Whereas, the use of VHDL can be more quickly and flexibly meet the various requirements designed locks, better than the other design. This article mainly describes a design method of electronic password lock based upon Field Programmable Gate Array device. In this paper, we use EDA technology, Quartus II platform and hardware description language designing an electronic password lock, and it achieved through an FPGA chip. The design takes full advantage of the ISP functiong of FPGA, so it can be efficiently upgraded and improved. We use FPGA devices to construct system, all of the algorithm entirely achieved by the hardware circuit. Because of FPGA has the function of ISP, when the des