Taoism 传统文化 教学课件 英文版本.ppt

Taoism Part I Life of Lao Zi Laozi’s identity: Laozi = Lao Dan (老聃）or Li Er（李耳）？ Laozi = Lao Laizi (老莱子) ？ Laozi = Dan, the grand historian (太史儋) ？ The time when Laozi lived Confucius’ contemporary or after Confucius? The authorship of the book “Dao De Jing” written by Laozi in the late stage of the Spring and Autumn Period ？ compiled by the historian Dan in the middle of the Warring States Period ？ first appeared during the Qin and Western Han Dynasties ？ based on quotations selected from other classics, e.g. the Book of Zhuang Zi, Lü Shi Chun Qiu, the Book of Han Fei Zi ？ Biography of Lao Zi (Sima Qian) Lao Zi was a native of Qurenli Village, in Lixiang Community, Kuxian District, in the State of Chu. His surname was Li, given name Er, and style Dan. He once served as the head of the national library during the Eastern Zhou Dynasty (770-256 B.C.). 老子者，楚苦县厉乡曲仁里人也，姓李氏，名耳，字聃， 周守藏室之史也。 Confucius visited the capital of the dynasty, where he consulted Laozi about the rites. Laozi replied, “The person who advocated the rites you referred to had already perished and even his bones had rotten. What remain of him are only his words. Besides, a gentleman leaves his home by carriage and takes up an official post when the time is right for him. But when things are not going right for him, he drifts around just like fluffy grasses in the wind. 孔子适周，将问礼于老子。老子曰：“子所言者，其人与骨皆已朽矣，独其言在耳。且君子得其时则驾，不得其时则蓬累而行。 I heard that a good merchant tends to hide his goods in concealment as if he had nothing at all. Likewise, a gentleman looks so modest as to appear stupid although he is endowed with a noble character. So get rid of your arrogance and superabundant desires. Discard your feigned air and expressions and too great an ambition, because they are not good to you at all. This is all I can tell you.” 吾闻之良贾深藏若虚，君子盛德、容貌若愚。去子之骄气与多欲，态色与淫志，是皆无益于子之身。吾所以告子，若是而已。” Confucius left and told his disciples, “I know birds fly, fish swim and beasts run. A beast t