海洋生态学及试验课程教学大纲.PDF

海洋生态学及实验课程教学大纲 课程代码 课程中文名称：海洋生态学及实验 课程英文名称：marine ecology 学分：3.0 周学时：2.0-2.0 面向对象： 预修要求：生态学、海洋学 一、课程介绍 （一）中文简介 本课程以生态学为中心，着重研究海洋生态系统的结构和功能，生态系统中海洋生物与海洋 环境等非生物环境之间的物质循环和能量循环。介绍海洋生态系统中各级海洋生物生产力的 传递和变化，海洋污染、海洋生物多样性保护及海洋资源的合理利用等。通过研究海洋生物 在海洋环境中的繁殖、生长、分布和数量变化，以及生物与环境相互作用，阐明生物海洋学 的规律，为海洋生物资源的开发、利用、管理和增养殖，保护海洋环境和生态平衡等，提供 科学依据。 （二）英文简介 Marine ecology examines the ecological issues of marine ecosystems in unprecedented scope and depth. It is a branch of ecology and the major important parts of marine biology. The marine ecosystems are rich in linkages between biophysical and social elements that generate powerful intrinsic dynamics. The class is able to explain the increasing range of scientific studies that have highlighted unexpected consequences of human activity. Marine ecology includes: autecology, population ecology, community ecology, ecosystem ecology and applied ecology. This class provides an accessible discussion of some of the most important aspects of ecosystem ecology and the potential relationships between them, including the relationship between marine biotic component and abiotic component, the characteristic of each ecological factor, relationship among and within the population, evolution and selection of population, structure and component of community, energy and food web circulation, marine fishery management, marine pollution and harmful algae blooms, marine biodiversity and recovery ecology, etc. will be discussed. What can ecological science contribute to the sustainable management and conservation of the natural systems that underpin human well-being? Bridging the natural, physical and social sciences, this class shows how ecosystem ecology can inform the ecosystem services approach to environmental management. 二、教学目标 （一）学习目标 海洋生态与进化及实验是海洋科学研究中多学科的重要交叉点，为海洋生物学、物理海洋学 及海洋化学等专业学生进一步学习相关课程奠定基础。通过本课程的学习，要求学生掌握各 海洋环境因子的特征、作用的一般规律，生物对环境的适应及反作用；海洋环境特征及海洋 生物主要生态类群；种群动态相关理论；生物遗