PLC温炉控制系统设计.doc

摘 要 温炉控制系统是工业控制中比较典型的控制系统，它具有明显的滞后特性，需要快速准确的获取和控制实时温度，一般控制器很难获得满意效果。而采用可编程控制器进行控制具有控制方便、简单和灵活性大等优点。因此，本文就是采用PLC实现对炉温的控制。 根据炉温控制系统的特点和原理，本文对控制器进行了硬件和软件设计，分别介绍了PLC选型、输入通道模块、输出通道模块、温度显示模块、系统的资源分配以及外部接线图，采用STEP7软件对系统进行设计，编写出相应的梯形图程序，采用PID控制方法对其进行研究，实现PID控制器参数的在线调整，通过触摸屏的设计，能够实时的反应出温度的变化曲线。最后进一步增加了系统在硬件和软件两个方面的抗干扰能力的设计，从而使系统具有更好的稳定性。 关键字：炉温控制；可编程控制器；触摸屏；PID控制 Abstract The system of furnace temperature control is a typical industrial control of the control system, it has obviously lagged behind the characteristics, needs fast and accurate real-time access and control temperature, the general controller difficult to obtain satisfactory results. And a programmable logic controller to charge a control convenience, simplicity and flexibility of the advantages. Therefore, this article explains that we can use PLC to control the temperature. According tothe characteristics and principles of the system of furnace temperature control, it explained the controller of the hardware and software design, respectively, on the Selection PLC, Enter access module, output channel modules, temperature modules, the system of resource allocation and external wiring diagram, STEP7 software used to design the system, to prepare the corresponding trapezoidal Figure procedures, PID control methods used to study and realize the PID controller parameters on-line adjustments, through the touch-screen design, to real-time response to the change in temperature curve. Finally a further increase in hardware and software systems in two areas of the design of anti-interference capabilities, thus allowed the system to have better stability. Keywords：Control of the furnace temperature；PLC；Touch screen；PID control 目 录 1 绪 论 1 1.1炉温控制系统的目的和意义 1 1.2国内外炉温控制的发展情况 1 1.3 PLC可编程控制器简介 5 1.4课题研究的主要内容 6 2 系统的总体设计方案 8 2.1加热炉温度控制系统基本构成 8 2.2加热炉控制系统的方案比较 8 2.2.1 PLC控制与继电器控制的比较 8 2.2.2 系统控制算法的确定 9 2.3系统的总体实现 10 3 系统的硬件配置 11 3.1 PLC机型的选择 11 3.1.1 S7-200 PLC主要组成部分 11 3.1.2 S7-200 PLC的主要性能指标 12 3.2硬件的组成 13 3.2.1 CPU处理模