戴明、朱兰、克罗斯比的质量观.pdf

Harvard Business School 9-687-011 Rev. February 28, 1990 D A Note on Quality: The Views of Deming, Juran, and O Crosby During the 1980s concerns about American competitiveness steered many U.S. companies to a new interest in quality. The three leading quality gurus were W. Edwards Deming, Joseph Juran, and Philip Crosby. Each was an active consultant, lecturer, and author, with years of experience. Deming and Juran were in their eighties and had been enormously influential in Japan; Crosby was in his sixties and had worked previously at ITT as vice president of quality. Each had developed his own distinctive N approach to quality management. Deming O W. Edwards Deming was widely credited with leading the Japanese quality revolution. The Japanese began to heed his advice on statistical process control (SPC) and problem-solving techniques in 1950, but 30 years passed before American businesses began to respond. By then, Demings message to managers was blunt: The basic cause of sickness in American industry and resulting unemployment is failure of top management to manage.1 Known to dismiss client companies that did not change, he T 2 Best efforts were not enough; a program stated, I give em three years. Ive got to see a lot happen. was needed, and it had to be adopted wholeheartedly: Everyone doing his best is not the answer. It is necessary that people know what to do. Drastic changes are required. The responsibility for chang