“that”专题讲解.doc

“that”专题讲解 一、that、 which 、what的特点和用法 ?我们初次接触英语时知道that表示“那；那个”（代词，形容词），进而知道它还作副词。那么，that作关系代词及连词引导从句时的用法又如何呢？在这方面与which、what等有哪些不同呢？先来看一道高考题： Information has been put forward ＿＿＿＿ more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities．(上海2001) A．while???? B．that??? C．when??? D．as 此题答案是B。本句考查的是that引导同位语从句的用法。主句是information has been put forward。more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities是information的同位语从句。 那么什么是同位语从句，它与定语从句有何区别呢？同位语从句是用一个句子对一个名词（常见的有fact，news，idea，truth，hope，suggestion，question，problem，doubt，fear，belief等）的内容给以更具体、更详细的表述或说明，属于名词性从句；而定语从句是用来对先行词加以限定、描绘或解释的。如：The news that she brought was very exciting．她带来的消息非常激动人心（定语从句）；The news that she was brought was very exciting．她被带来了这一消息非常激动人心（同位语从句）。前者that从句是限制性的；后者that从句是具体说明news的内容的。其次，同位语从句中that在从句中不作句子成分，不能和which互换，也不能省略；而定语从句中的that必须是定语从句中的一个成分。先行词是物时常可与which互换，作宾语时常可省略。 下面是一组近年高考中有关that用法的试题。 1．The film brought the hours back to me ＿＿＿＿ I was taken good care of in that faraway village．(NMET2001) A．until???? B．that???? C．when???? D．where 2．Carol said the work would be done by October ＿＿＿＿ personally I doubt very much．(NMET99) A．it?????? ?B．that?????? C．when??????? D．which 3．It was only when I reread his poems recently ＿＿＿＿ I began to appreciate their beauty．(NMET98) A．until????? B．that????? C．then??????? D．so 4．After the war, a new school building was put up ＿＿＿＿ there had once been a theatre．(NMET97) A．that????? B．where????? C．which????? D．when 5．＿＿＿＿ we cant get seems better than ＿＿＿＿ we have．(NMET96) A．What; what????? B．What;that????? C．That; that????? D．That;what 6．＿＿＿ is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language．(NMET95) A．There????? B．This????? ?C．That?????? D．It 7．It was not until 1920 ＿＿＿＿ regular radio broadcasts began．(NMET95) A．while????? B．which????? C．that?????? D．since ［答案与解析］ 1．C。when引导定语从句，修饰hours。 2．D。which引导一个非限制性定语从句。 3．B。It be．．．that是强调结构。 4．B。where引导地点状语从句。 5．A。what分别引导主语从句和表语从句，what在名词性从句中作句子成分，