精神分裂症病因学新进展.ppt

* * * 顺利过渡至神经发育章节 aberrant salience * * 从我们从精神分裂症症状变化来看，阳性症状呈发作到缓解、缓解到发作的波动状态但多次复发后症状趋向于逐渐加重; 阴性症状随时间的延长呈逐渐严重的趋势, 反映患者退缩日益明显; 认知缺陷呈两种结局：部分患者认知缺陷缓慢进展而少部分患者(15%)于分裂症晚期出现严重的痴呆症状, 认知缺陷呈进行性加重至完全丧失认知功能。 * * * * 稳定持久抑制 * * 非典型药物抗精神病药物拥有更宽的治疗窗主要与其有较高的5-羟色胺（5-HT2）受体阻断作用有关，从而在较低的D2受体结合状态下即可产生治疗效应。 * 什么是神经发生？ * 是神经元再生还是轴突树突再生 * 恒德 RIS 白质 * To investigate changes in cognitive function and clinical features following a switch from oral atypical antipsychotics (AAPs) to long-acting injectable risperidone (LAIR) in patients with schizophrenia. Methods Thirty-six patients with schizophrenia treated with oral AAPs participated in this open-label, 26-week study. Cognitive functions were measured at baseline and at 12 and 26 weeks. The secondary outcome measures included the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), Social and Occupational Functioning Assessment Scale (SOFAS), Scale for Unawareness of Mental Disorder (SUMD), and measurements for extrapyramidal symptoms. Results Significant improvements in cognitive function were observed in the backward Digit Span Test, Verbal Learning Test, Wisconsin Card Sorting Test, correct responses on the Continuous Performance Test, and Trail Making Test part B following a switch to LAIR. Scores on the PANSS, SOFAS, SUMD, and the Simpson–Angus Rating Scale also improved significantly. Most improvements in neurocognitive function were not correlated with clinical measures. Weight gain and hyperprolactinemia were the most common adverse events. Conclusions Switching from oral AAPs to LAIR improved cognitive function including vigilance, verbal learning and memory, executive function, sustained attention, and visuomotor speed in patients with schizophrenia. It was also effective for improving psychotic symptoms, social functioning, and insight. Copyright # 2009 John Wiley Sons, Ltd. * To investigate changes in cognitive function and clinical features following a switch from oral atypical antipsychotics (AAPs) to long-acting injectable ri