数据库管理系统外文翻译.docx

附录：英文资料及翻译 英文原文：DATA BASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS You know that a data is a collection of logically related data elements that may be structured in various ways to meet the multiple processing and retrieval needs of organizations and individuals. there’s nothing new about data bases-early ones were chiseled in st-one, penned on scrolls ,and written on index cards. but mow data bases are commonly recorded on magnetizeable media, and computer programs are required to perform the necessary storage ad retrieval operations. The system software package that handles the difficult tasks associated with creating , accessing ,and maintaining data base records is in a DBMS package establish an interface between the data base itself and the users of the data base . ( these users may be applications programmers ,managers and others with information needs , and various OS programs.) A DBMS can organize, process, and present selected data elements from the data base . this capability enables decision makers to search . probe ,and query data base contents in order to extract answers to nonrecurring and unplanned questions that aren’t available in regular reports . these questions might initially be vague and /or poorly defined ,but people can “browse” through the data base until they have the needed information . in short, the DBMS will “manage ”the stored data items and assemble the needed items from the common data base in response to the queries of those who aren’t programmers. In a file-oriented system ,users needing special information may communicate their needs to a programmer , who ,when time permits, will information. The availability of a DBMS ,however, offers users a much faster alternative communications path (see figure). Sequential, direct, and other file processing approaches are used to organize and structure data in single files . but a DBMS is able to integrate data elements from several files to answer specific user inquiries fir information. This means that the