语法复习——非谓语动词(一)动名词.doc

语法复习——非谓语动词（一） 动名词的用法 【基本概念】 动名词在书写形式上同现在分词相同，但语法概念和语法功能各异。动名词具有名词的语法作用，在句子中主要充当主语和宾语。 例1：动名词做主语 Using body language in a correct way will help communicate with people and make the stay in a foreign country easy and comfortable. Checking information is very important. Doing this can save a lot of time and money. Learning new words and useful expressions is very important for me. 例2：动名词做宾语 After a short while he started directing films himself. Disney stopped drawing and watched the mouse. 例3：动名词做介词的宾语 Scores of people went there in the first few days after its opening. after在句中为介词，动名词opening 做介词的宾语，形容词性物主代词its是动名词的逻辑主语。 The money spent on educating a black child was just one fourth of that spent on each white child. I was pleased that the manager had decided not to be angry with me for having been so rude. having been 是动名词being的完成式，做介词for 的宾语。 【关键知识】 1.下列动词只能用动名词做宾语，不能用不定式：suggest, finish, enjoy, practise, miss, avoid, require, delay, excuse, pardon, consider, deny, escape, can’t help 等。 Besides, I enjoy learning about new things from politics to sports and music. Then for a period of several weeks we practise doing the play. 2.一些动词后用动名词做宾语和用不定式做宾语意思不同。 ①remember, forget, regret,try,mean,stop后用动名词做宾语表示已经发生过了的动作；用不定式做宾语表示将要发生或尚未发生的动作。 remember to do 表示记住要去做某事；remember doing表示记得曾经做过某事。regret doing表示后悔做了某事；regret to say (tell)表示遗憾地说（告诉）。 ---- The light in the office is still on. ---- Oh, I forgot ______. A. turning it off B. turn it off C. to turn it off D. having turned it off 答案为 C。句子的意思是“我刚才忘记了关灯”，“关灯”的动作没有发生。 ---- You were brave enough to raise objections at the meeting. ---- Well, now I regret ______ that. A. to do B. to be doing C. to have done D. having done 答案为D。having done是动名词doing的完成式，表示该动作先于谓语动作，句子的意思是“后悔在会议上提出反对意见”。 ②try to do 表示“设法做”（克服困难、障碍努力做）；try doing表示“试着做”（对结果没有把握，尝试去做，看看是否可以）。 The little time we have together we try ______ wisely. A. spending it