投资金融→商业银行法及其监管.ppt

第一章 商业银行及其监管 对外经济贸易大学 金融学院 何自云 第一章 商业银行及其监管 Fundamental Forces of Changes in Banking 《中国银行业及其监管的改革与发展》 唐双宁，《金融时报》2004年7月5日 《中华人民共和国商业银行法》 1995年7月1日施行，2003年12月27日修改 《中华人民共和国银行业监督管理法》 2003年12月27日通过，2004年2月1日起施行 Fundamental Forces of Changes in Banking What were banks in the past? Two areas of changes Fundamental Forces of Changes Deregulation and reregulation Financial innovation Securitization Globalization Advances in technology What were banks in the past? Historically, commercial banks have been the most heavily regulated companies. Resulted in a banking system with a large number of smaller banks that was limited in the scope of products and services that could be offered and the geographic areas where individual banks could compete. As a result, they were the safest and most conservative business. Although regulations limited opportunities and risks, they virtually guaranteed a profit. Two areas of changes Traditional role of banks as financial intermediaries declined New products such as cash management accounts, mutual funds, commercial paper, and junk bonds have become more prevalent. Banks have responded by accepting lower spreads, taking on more risk, and expanding their customer and product base. Evolution of banking into nontraditional roles Evolution of banking intonontraditional roles Expand into nontraditional areas and products to generate more fee income. Investment banking, off-balance sheet activities Actively pursue the use of technology in the development and delivery of products. Internet banking Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act eliminates most of the remaining restrictions that have separated commercial banking, investment banking, and insurance for over 70 years. Deregulation and Competition Many analysts attribute much of the change in the financial services industry to deregulation. Deregulation was a natural response to increased competition rather than the catalyst of competition. competition between depository institutions and nondeposi