11-7定语从句笔记.ppt

定语从句语法笔记 无逗号即限,有逗号非限 关系所用词 （who;whom;whose;which;that） 随着先行变 (先行：即被从句修饰的指人或物的 词是先行词 ) 限定先(行)指人 who; whom要当先, that紧跟前 eg: We know the students (who/that are very naughty in our school). 限定先(行)指物 which; that两出现 eg: The jacket (which/that is hanging on the wall) is mine. 缺定用whose eg: This is the girl (whose family is in the northeast.) 缺主用who; that eg: All architect is a person (who/that) designs house and buidings. Which把物接 eg:Please bring back the dictionary (which/that) I lent you last week. 缺宾找who;whom;that who可把whom替 ， 缺宾关代常省略 eg:The doctor (who/whom/that)we are talking about can speak French. eg:The person (whom/who) I spoke to just now is our teacher 。 若前有介词 只许which;whom接，并且不省略。 eg:The teacher for whom you are waiting is coming. eg: This is the book to which I referred in my talk. 非限先(行)指人 who;whom两可兼， that滚一边 eg:His father , whom he loved dearly , died last year. eg:He has a sister , who works in Shanghai is called Liping. 非限先(行)指物 which独得天 eg: I have read the book A Tale of Two Cities , which was written by Charles Dickens. 定从有特殊 自有解决点 先行表时间 用when来当填 eg.He came last night when I was out 先行表地点 where字必须选 eg.The place where I met her was railway station 先行是reason 用why合因原 eg.The reason why he didn’t go to school yesterday is that he was very sick.. 先行way表“方式”置前 that/in which或不填 eg.This is the way he worked out the problem. 从句缺少的是主语、宾语还是状语是确定用关系代词还是关系副词的关键。也就是说要看先行词在定语从句中担任什么成分  定语从句特殊用法归纳 as引导的非限制性定语从句 1)??位置灵活，可以置于主句的句首、句中或句末； 2)??先行词不可是一个词，必须是整个主句或主句的部分内容； 3)??表“正如、像”，表依据/评论/态度/看法）等； 常见结构： as we all know; as we expected as everyone knows, as everyone can see as is known to all; 特殊： 限制性定从中先行词被so, such 修饰，关代用as 定语从句特殊用法归纳 as引导的非限制性定语从句 1)??位置灵活，可以置于主句的句首、句中或句末； 2)??先行词不可是一个词，必须是整个主句或主句的部分内容； 3)??表“正如、像”，表依据/评论/态度/看法）等； 常见结构： as we all know; as we expected; as is reported as everyone knows; as everyone can see as is known to all; as is often the case