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Chapter one英国概况
Section OneThe British Isles and Great Britain 1. Names and Position a) the British Isles b) Britain ( Great Britain) c) England, Scotland, Wales d) Northern Ireland e) The United Kingdom- The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland Position of UK Position of UK The United Kingdom is an island country that lies in the Atlantic Ocean just off the mainland of Europe. It comprises England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland. The country covers an area of about 242,500 square kilometers. 3. Climate and Weather 1) Changeable weather, so British people like to talk about it 2) “Strange”: in winter, too high, too low 3)A maritime climate characterized by abundant rainfall. 4) London has reputation for fogs ( imperfectly combusted coal and humidity of the atmosphere) Inland Water 1. The longest river in Britain – Severn River, It runs 355 kilometers and empties into the Bristol Strait. 2. Thames River : London, the capital of UK is situated on the river; Oxford also on it. The English Language Old English(5th-12th century) Some thousand yrs ago there was neolithic people (新石器时代) wandering Asia and Europe . They speak the same language: Indo- European Language Wander North Europe known as Germanic people , Germanic Language called Old English(5th-12th century) The English Language Middle English ( 12th-15th century): 1)After Norman Conquest , English became the basis of the dialect near London, this gave birth to the official English Language 2) The arrival of the Normans with their French language influence English a lot: spelling; French rules in writing; large number of French words into English The English Language Modern English ( 15th century) 1. Printing introduced into England, many books;dictionary published in London English 2. Improved Extensive borrowing large vocabularies for various purpose 3. British empire expansion help to spread English all over the world as native language in USA, Austr
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