Module+8+Time+off)-英语------课件.pptVIP

8 Unit 3 Language in use. that引导的宾语从句 Grammar 定义：在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句。 宾语从句分为三类： (1) that引导的宾语从句 I hope (that) it will snow this winter. (2) whether/if引导的宾语从句 I’m not sure if he will come. (3) 疑问词引导的宾语从句 I want to know what he will do next. 当谓语动词表示肯定的概念，如“希望、相信、知道、说”时，其后面的句子一般用that引导。that没有任何词汇含义，只有语法功能，目的是使读者清楚后面的句子是宾语从句。多数情况下that可以省略。例如： I hope (that) it will snow this winter. Betty thinks (that) trees can improve the air. I know (that) he is friendly. 注意：并非所有的动词后面都可接that引导的宾语从句，常接 that 宾语从句的谓语动词有：believe, expect, explain, feel，hear，hope, imagine, prefer, promise, report，say, see, tell, think, under, stand，warn, wish 等。 宾语从句的语序： ???宾语从句的语序应为陈述句的语序。 例如： ?I?hear?(that)?physics?isn’t?easy.? ?I?think?(that)?you?will?like?this?school?soon.? Can?you?tell?me?how?I?can?get?to?zoo。 宾语从句的时态受主句的限制 1.主句是一般现在时态，从句根据实际情况而定。 2.主句是一般过去时态，从句用相应的过去的时态。如果从句的动作发生在主句之前则从句要用过去完成时态。例: 1 ) She says that she is a student. She said that she was a student. 2) She says that she will fly to Japan in a week. She said that she would fly to Japan in a week. 3) She says that she has finished her homework already: She said that she had finished her homework already: 如果宾语从句说的是客观真理、自然现象或亊实时，这时宾语从句要用一般 现在时态。 例： The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun. He told me that Japan is an island country。 宾语从句的否定转移 当主句谓语动词是think, believe, suppose，expect等词，而宾语从句的意思是否定时，常把否定转移至主句表示。 I don’t think it is right for him to treat you like that. 主句的谓语动同 think, believe, imagine, suppose, consider, expect, fancy, guess等，并且主句的主语是第一人称而且为一般现在时，从句的否定词一般 要转移到主句上来，其反义疑问句一般与宾语从句一致。 I don’t believe that man is killed by Jim, is he? I expect our English teacher will be back this weekend, wont she/he? We suppose you have finished the project, havent you? 如果宾语从句中有某个含有否定意义的形容间或副词不包含带有否定前 缀的词,如：unhappy, unfair, dislike等)，其反义疑问句要用肯定形式. We find that he never listens to the teacher carefully, does he? 当主句的主语是第二、三人称时，其反义疑问句一般与主句保持一致。 Your sister supposes she needs no help, doesn’t she? You thought they could