核能；核动力NUCLEAR POWER.ppt

NUCLEAR POWER: SECURE ENERGY for the 21st CENTURY Mike Corradini Nuclear Engineering Engineering Physics Need for a Unified Energy Strategy Internationally: Population continues to increase worldwide Energy usage growing at similar rates (1-2%/yr*) Electrical energy usage increasing faster (3%/yr*) Nationally: Abundant secure energy is critical to our future Continued growing concern of fossil fuel emission Alternative energy technologies must be considered Need to ensure energy security with bipartisan initiatives and executive priority for nuclear energy *EIA (2002) SUSTAINABILITY ISSUES Conditions for Sustainability: Acceptable area usage Minimal by-product streams Economically feasible technology Large supply of the energy resource Neither the power source itself nor the technology to exploit it can be controlled by a few nations/regions (people/countries/regions) 1000 MWe-yr Power Plant Emission* Coal Gas Nuclear Sulfur-oxide ~ 1000 mt Nitrous-oxide ~ 5000 mt 400 mt Particulates ~ 1400 mt Trace elements ~ 50 mt** 1 mt Ash ~ 1million mt CO2 7million mt 3.5mill. mt ** TRACE: e.g., Mercury, Lead, Cadmium, Arsenic Spent Fuel 20-30 mt Fission Products ~1-2 mt *Source: EIA (2002) Record U.S.Nuclear Electricity Production Industry Capacity FactorContinues at Record Level License Renewal:Extends Value Nuclear Power High Level Waste (HLW) All nuclear fuel cycle waste (except HLW) has been safely and reliably disposed through DoE and NRC regulations; milling, enrichment, fabrication by-products as LLW Since 1982, US law ‘defines’ spent nuclear fuel as a HLW, since reprocessing has not occurred since 1976 (Japan Europe currently reprocess spent nuclear fuel for recycle) Spent fuel is currently stored at ~105 nuclear power plant sites (~ 2000 mt/yr;