[信息与通信]水质监测 毕业设计.doc

摘要 水质监测是水资源管理与保护的重要基础，是保护水环境的重要手段。目前我国的水质监测仍然存在很多问题，一是各级水质监测中心的采样能力不足。监测频率低．二是机动监测能力不足，移动水质分析监测实验室配备数量太少，现场监测能力低。三是自动水质监测站数量太少，缺乏自动测报能力，难以获得重点水功能区主要水质监测的实时数据。 针对以上我国水质监测系统的问题，本论文设计了基于GPRS和MCS-51单片机的水质实时监测系统。首先，论文从用户需求的角度详细阐述了本系统应该具备的功能；其次，根据功能要求进行功能规划，把整个系统分为复位电路、单片机控制单元电路、A／D转换电路、RS232接口电路、RS485接口电路、输入／输出电路、键盘和LED显示电路、电源电路、GPRS模块，最后完成了整个系统的硬件设计。 关键词：GPRS； MCS-51单片机；实时监测 ABSTRACT Water quality monitoring system is an important base for water resourcemanager and protection，and also all important measure to protect waterenvironment．At present，water quality monitoring also have many problems in our country，First，sampling ability is insufficient and sampling frequency is low at all levels water quality monitoring station.Second，mobile monitoring ability is insufficient and mobile water quality monitoring lab is too few，field monitoring ability is low．Third，too few of automatic water quailty monitoring station，shortage of automatic monitoring and report ability,it is difficult to get real time data of water quality monitoring at main waterafea． To the questions of water quality monitoring system in our country，this paperdesigned a automatic water quality monitoring system based on GPRS and MCS-51 microchip．First,this paper goes into particulars the systems functions of user’s needs．Second，to the system’s function，this paper designed reset circuit, microchip control circuit,A/D converter circuit、RS-232 interface circuit,RS-485 interface circuit,input and output circuit,keyboard circiut,LED display drive circuit and GPRS module.Finally,this paper realized whole systems hardware design． KEYWORDS：GPRS; MCS-51 microchip;real time monitoring system 目录 摘要 I ABSTRACT II 1引言 1 1．1我国水环境的现状 1 1．2环境监测仪器的现状与问题 2 1．2．1环境监测仪器主要包括以下几个方面 2 1．2．2 国产环境科学监测仪器存在的主要问题 2 1．3 环境监测仪器的未来市场需求 3 1．4 GPRS通信 4 1．4．1 GPRS技术特点 4 1．4．2 GPRS的应用 7 1．4．3 GPRS市场发展的优势 8 1．5课题提出的意义和主要实现的目标 9 1．6论文内容安排 9 2系统总体设计 11 2.1监测系统的工作过程 11 2.2功能规划 11 2．2．1系统硬件结构 11 2．2．2系统监测软件的结构与功能 13 2．2．3主要技术参数 15 2．3设计原则及扩展性 16 3