简洁清爽实用商务深青色商务模板：形式与内容的销售网络Peering with Content Distribution Networks.ppt

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简洁清爽实用商务深青色商务模板：形式与内容的销售网络Peering with Content Distribution Networks.ppt

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简洁清爽实用商务深青色商务模板：形式与内容的销售网络Peering with Content Distribution Networks

Peering with Content Distribution NetworksPatrick W. Gilmorepatrick@ September 14, 2004 Gigabit Peering Forum IX Agenda Disclaimer How CDNs Use NAPs CDN Specific Peering Challenges Data Exchange Offer Questions Disclaimer I work for Akamai Technologies, a Content Distribution Network. This presentation is supposed to be CDN-agnostic (unless otherwise noted). Feel free to ask questions, Akamai specific or otherwise, at any point in the presentation. How CDNs use NAPs CDN Specific NAP Issues For many CDNs, there are unique issues which are specific to NAP locations These problems arise out of the use of DNS for directing traffic and the lack of a backbone Obviously CDNs who do have a backbone and/or do not use DNS for directing traffic will not have these problems While there are solutions, even the solutions have their own problems (like always) Issue #1: Freeloaders The first issue relates to how DNS-based CDNs operate Because the redirection is based solely on DNS hostname resolution, there can be errors when the recursive name server is not in proximity to the end user Specifically, if the recursive name server is in a prefix announced over a peering session, but the end user is not, Bad Things can happen Issue #1: Freeloaders Issue #1: Freeloaders These are called “Freeloaders” because the CDN thinks the hit will be free, but it is not Actual cost is no greater than serving from non-NAP locations (transit is transit) This can lower capacity at NAP, which might cause other problems Fortunately, most name servers only resolve for end users in the same AS Issue #1: Freeloaders If you peer with a CDN in multiple places, please be careful if you are announcing inconsistently Group your name servers with your end users at the same NAPs This is especially true of people who peer in multiple countries Also sometimes a problem for outsourced dial-up or other “managed services” networks Issue #1: Freeloaders There is not much a CDN can do to “solve” this pro