组织工程 Tissue Engineering.ppt

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组织工程 Tissue Engineering

Surehip Review 8 Hip Joint Replacement Tissue Engineering Cells, Tissues and Organs Biological tissues: Cells: Extracellular matrix (ECM): A complex of cell secretions immobilised in spaces continuous with cells Example of bone: Cells: osteoblasts, osteoclasts, osteocytes ECM: a composite fibrous network of collagen encased within a hard matrix of calcium/phosphorous Symbiotic relationship: cells creating ECM first, then remodelling it and in turn being regulated by it. Cells, Tissues and Organs Cell biology: Cells Fundamental unit and simplest form of life 75 trillion cells 200 different types of cells in a human 10-30 ?m Cells, Tissues and Organs Cell anatomy Small membrane (cell membrane) bound compartment Nucleus (genetic inf.) Mitochondria (energy) Lysosomes (proteolytic enzymes) Endoplasmic reticulum (protein synthesis and cellular transport) Golgi apparatus (assembly) Cytoplasm, containing cytoskeleton (cell movement, shape) Cells, Tissues and Organs Cell anatomy Cell membrane A double layer of phospholipids Proteins: “Floating” proteins Integrins Specific receptor sites Cells, Tissues and Organs Cell functions Metabolism: producing energy, proteins, lipids, ... Adhesion: causing attachment among cells, and between cells/ECM for structural integrity Proliferation: cells replacing themselves Migration: from place to place Mechanical contraction: like the beating heart Signalling: communication within and among cells Differentiation: development of cells with specialized structure and function from unspecialized precursor cells. Cells, Tissues and Organs Cell mechanics: Cell actions and responses Mechanical Chemical Electrical …... Cell-cell and cell-matrix Initial recognition Physical adhesion Electrical/chemical communication Cytoskeletal reorganization Migration Cells, Tissues and Organs Extracellular matrix: Mechanical support for cell anchorage Determination of cell orientation Control of cell growth Maintenance of cell differentiation Scaffold

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