[工学]软工专业术语部分.doc

软件工程部分专业术语表 软件工程 software engineering Software engineering is an engineering discipline that is concerned with all aspects of software production. 软件 software 通用产品软件 generic software developed to be sold to a range of different customers e.g. PC software such as Excel or Word. 用户定制软件 custom software developed for a single customer according to their specification. 软件属性 software attributes 可维护性 maintainability 可依赖性 dependability 有效性 efficiency 可用性 usability / availability This is a complex property which is not simply dependent on the system hardware and software but also depends on the system operators and the environment where it is used. 可靠性 reliability This depends on the reliability of system components and the relationships between the components. 可重用性（可复用性） Reusability CASE（computer aided software engineering）计算机辅助软件工程 CASE tools are software systems which are designed to support routine activities in the software process such as editing design diagrams, checking diagram consistency and keeping track of program tests which have been run. 软件过程 softwaSoftware processes are the activities involved in producing and evolving a software system. They are represented in a software process model re process 可行性分析 feasibility analysis 需求分析 requirement analysis 设计 design 总体设计 system design、详细设计 detailed design 编码 coding 测试 testing 检验与有效性验证 verification validation 维护 maintenance 总体特性 emergent property 软件过程 software process 需求和定义 requirements definition 系统和软件设计 system and software design 实现和单元测试 implementation and unit testing 集成和系统测试 integration and system testing 运行和维护 operation and maintenance 软件过程模型 software process model A software process model is an abstract representation of a process. It presents a description of a process from some particular perspective 软件生命周期模型 software life cycle model 瀑布模型 waterfall model 原型模型 prototyping model 探索式开发 exploratory development 抛弃式原型 throwaway prototyping 增量模型、螺旋模型喷泉模型变换模型和基于知识的模型等OOA） object-oriented analysis OOA is concerned