水库泥沙淤积量测算方法研究综述及展望-自然灾害学报.PDF

16 6 Vo.l 16, No. 6 2007 12 JOURNAL OF NATURAL D ISASTERS Dec. 2007 : 2007) 魏炳乾, 燕 荔, 杨 川 ( , 71004 ) : , , , , , SAR GPS+ ; , , : GIS DTM ; , , : ; ; ; : TV 145 : A A review and prospect on methods ofmeasuring and calculating amount of sedimentation in a reservoir WEI Bingq ian, YAN L i, YANG Chuan ( Institute ofW ater Resources andHydroelectric Engineering, X ian University ofT echnology, X ian 71004 , China) Abstract:M any reservoirs built in Ch ina have been deposited seriously due to a h igh concentration of silt in inflow rivers, and thus brought on many troubles and d isasters. Therefore, it is mi portant and necessary for the project of discharging the sedmi ent from the reservoir to determ ine the amount of sedmi entation exactly and tmi ely. In th is paper, firstly, the methods for surveying under w ater topography, includ ing the m ethod by a theodolite, SAR method and GPS+ sonar sounderm ethod, w ere reviewed exhaustively. Furthermore, severalmethods to calcu late the amount of sedmi entation in a reservoir, such as the method from isobaths, regular grid, topography of transversal section, DTM based on GIS, Th iessen polygon, elevation capacity curve, sedmi ent balance equation and hydraulic modelw ere evaluated. F inally, how to control the error ofw ater depth m easurement and mi prove the accuracy of calculating the amount of sedmi entation w as d iscussed and prospected, and the problems need to study further in the future are proposed. Keywords: reservoir; sedmi ent; amount of sedmi entation; measurement and calculation 5 000, , , , 70 , 3,