[初中教育]高中学生必备资料：高考英语考纲词汇用法详解上英语通用.doc

高考英语考纲词汇用法详解（上） A a[????], an[?????] art. 1.一(个，件，…) 2.任何…都3.每(一) 4.某，某一个：I have got a ticket. 我有一张票。an awful noise 一种可怕的噪音 / A bird can fly. 鸟会飞。We often go to school two times a day. 我们常常一天两次去学校。A Mr. Brown wishes to see you. 一位叫布朗的先生想见你。(高考短文改错中常考查此知识点，许多同学在做书面表达时也常犯此错)，如不能说Mr. Smith is interesting man.(需在 is后 加 an) 2.在序数词之前使用a(an)，可以表示数量或序数的增加：Do you want to read it a third time? 你还想看第三次吗? able[?????] adj.能…的，有才能的，能干的，能够的：She’s as clever and able as her sister. 她像她姐姐一样聪明能干。 【句型】be able to do sth 能做某事 【说明】比较级和最高级可以是 abler 和 ablest 或 more able, better able 和 most able，但不如前者常见。 【辨析】be able to 与 can的区别，见 can。 about[??????] prep.在附近，关于，在…周围，忙于 adv.附近，大约，转向，左右，周围：She sat up and looked about her. 她坐了起来环顾四周。I had no money about me. 我身边没有带钱。She likes to walk about. 她喜爱四处走走。There were few people about. 附近几乎无人。1. be about to do 即将，就要(不能与 tomorrow 等具体时间状语连用) 2. How [What] about…(你认为)…怎么样? 【辨析】about与on：前者指泛泛地或非正式地谈论某事，后者指比较系统、深入地论述某事：It is a book on birds. 那是一本论及鸟类的书。(可能是一本学术著作) / It is a book about birds. 那是一本关于鸟的书。(可能是一本供小孩看的关于鸟类的故事书) above[?????] prep.在…上方，过于，超出 adv. 在上面 adj. 上面的，上述的，上文的：We were flying above the clouds. 我们在云层上面飞行。/ Health is above wealth. 健康胜过财富。/ He is above doing such things. 他不至于做出这样的事来。 【辨析】above与over：over 表示垂直在上的正上方，above 则不一定表示正上方(即表示正上方时两者均可用，不表示正上方时要用 above)。 abroad[???????] adv. 到(在)国外：He has gone abroad. 他出国了。/ He has just returned from abroad. 他刚从国外归来。 【用法】1.是副词，不是形容词，不置于名词前作定语，但可置于名词后作定语：one’s recent tour abroad 某人最近的国外之行。2.是副词，不是名词，所以不说 go to abroad之类的。 accept[???????] vt. 接受，承认：Much to my regret, I’m unable to accept your kind invitation. 我不能接受你盛情的邀请, 非常遗憾。 【辨析】accept 与receive：前者指主观上接受，后者指客观上收到：He received the gift, but he did not accept it. 他收到这件礼物，但没有接受。 accident[?????????] n.[C]事故：She was injured badly in an accident during the work. 她在一次工伤事故中受了重伤。 【短语】by accident偶然，无意中 according to[????????????] prep.按照，根据：from each according to his ability, to each according to his needs 各尽所能，按需分配 / According to my watch it is 10 o’clock. 按我的表是10点