[工学]六管程浮头式换热器设计.doc

六管程浮头式换热器设计 摘 要　　　　　　　　　　 换热器是化工、炼油等生产中最常见的过程设备之一，是用于物料之间进行热量传递的过程设备，使热量从热流体传递到冷流体的设备。在目前大型化工及石油化工装置中，采用各种换热的组合，就能充分合理地利用各种等级的能量，使产品的单位能耗降低，从而降低产品的成本已获得好的经济效益。在化工厂中，换热器所占比例也有了明显提高，成为最重要的单元设备之一。 本设计说明书是关于浮头式换热器的设计，主要进行了换热器的工艺计算，换热器的结构和强度设计。并且阐述了换热器的特点、换热器设备及其发展现状、国内发展趋势和研究热点以及换热器的分类，同时说明了浮头式换热器的优点，介绍了换热器的结构设计，换热器主要零部件结构的设计及压力容器常用材料等。计算部分主要对浮头换热器的筒体、封头和法兰进行了详细的计算，并对其进行了水压试验的校核；还对换热管、管板、折流板、鞍座和钩圈等各个受压元件按照GB-150和GB-151的标准进行简单的结构设计，使其屈服应力在许用应力范围内。除此之外，还参阅相关的设计手册及大量的文献，完成了各个零件图的绘制，还对一篇外文进行了翻译等工作。 关键词：浮头式换热器；换热管；校核 Six tube heat exchangers design Abstract Heat exchanger is widely used in chemical,oilrefining ect.It is used in materials to carry on the thermal transmission the process. At present, in large-scale chemical industry and in the petroleum chemical industry installment, each kind of heat transfer the combination can reasonably use each rank fully the energy, cause the production the unit energy consumption to reduce, thus reduce the production the cost to obtain the high economic efficiency. Thus, in the large-scale chemical industry and in the petroleum chemical industry production process, the heat exchanger obtains the more and more widespread application. In the chemical plant, the heat exchanger accounted for the proportion also to have the distinct enhancement, became one of most important unit equipment. The design manual is about floating head heat exachanger, which included technology, calculate of heat exchanger, the structure and intensity of heat exchanger. And described the characteristics of heat exchanger, heat exchanger equipment and the development of the status quo, development trend of domestic and research hot spots and the classification of heat exchanger, floating head at the same time illustrates the advantages of heat exchanger. Introduced the structural design of heat exchangers, heat exchanger design of the structure of the main comp