初中被动语态语法重点.doc

被动语态an do can be done must do must be done may do may be done needn’t do needn’t be done ought to do ought to be done should do should be done 实意动词 need to do need to be done/ need doing 附： used to do used to be done seem to do seem to be done 二．没有被动语态的词 1.不及物动词：rise, take place, happen, arrive When will the train ___? A. arrive B. get to C. reach D. arrive in 2.部分系动词：feel, sound, smell, look, taste 3.表示度量的词：measure, weigh (e.g.) 1)The baby weighs 9 kilograms. (How much does the baby weigh?) (What’s his weight?) (How heavy is he?) 2)The swimming pool measures 25 meters across. 4.以反身代词为宾语的没有被动 The boy teaches himself English. Their large feet are used to push them quickly through the water. The cormorants use their large feet to push themselves quickly through the water. 5.以相互代词为宾语的无被动。 We often help each other/ one another. 6.fit, cost, hold, break out(爆发), go out(熄灭) go off(响起) 无被动 (e.g.) 1)This coat fits me. 2)The book cost me five yuan. 3)The hall can hold 1000 people. 4)The war broke out in 1919. 5)The street lights went out suddenly. 6)The fire alarm went off suddenly. 三如何改P.V. (一) SVO 1.名词，宾语从句作宾语 (e.g.) 1)Rose broke the windows. The windows were broken by Rose. 2)We know that Britain is an island country. It is known that Britain is an island country. Britain is known to be an island country. 3)People believe that he will win the election. It is believed that he will win the election. He is believed to win the election. 4)They said that the area was rich in oil. It was said that the area was rich in oil. The area was said to be rich in oil. (如果宾语为that引导的宾语从句，那么可以转化为it为形式主语的名词性从句。如：It is reported …, It is said …, It is believed …, It is known…) 2.动词不定式作宾语（不能改被动语态） (e.g.) He wants to go. (二)SVOO 1.把间接宾语作为主语（人） (e.g.) 1)My uncle gave me an apple. I was given an apple by my uncle. 2)He showed me his postcards of Paris. I was showed his postcards of Paris by him.