[文学]CharacterizationofsyntheticpolymersbyMALDI-MS.pdf

Prog. Polym. Sci. 31 (2006) 277–357 /locate/ppolysci Characterization of synthetic polymers by MALDI-MS Giorgio Montaudo a,*, Filippo Samperi b, Maurizio S. Montaudo b a Chemistry Department, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy b Institute of Chemistry and Technology of Polymers, CNR, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy Received 23 June 2005; received in revised form 30 September 2005; accepted 20 December 2005 Abstract In recent years, matrix assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectroscopy has become a routine analytical tool for the structural analysis of polymers, complementing NMR and other traditional techniques, a noteworthy change with respect to the past, when mass spectrometry (MS) was seldom used. In this review, we discuss salient aspects of MALDI. First, we devote a section to fundamentals and practice in MALDI of polymers (such as the laser, ion source, ion optics, reflectron, detector, ionization efficiency) as well as to some basic concepts of sample preparation (such as the MALDI matrix and cationization agents). Then, we focus on measurable quantities of polymers: average molar masses, the chemical formula and the structure of the monomer (actually of the repeat unit), the masses of the chain end groups, etc. In-depth coverage is given of coupling MALDI with liquid chromatography (LC), since often LC offers valuable help in exploring macromolecules. The final section is devoted to recent applications, with a detailed discussion of MALDI of addition polymers, condensation polymers, polymers with heteroatoms in the chain, copolymers and partially degrad