第十七讲完型填空指导.doc

第十七讲 完型填空指导 完形填空的特点是什么？ 完形填空是一种旨在考查学生综合运用英语语言知识能力的一种题型，它集阅读理解能力与语言应用能力考查于一体，考查考生在阅读理解基础上，在一定语言情景下灵活运用词汇的能力。难易程度与初中教材相当，词数在180-250左右。学生通过推理判断，综合分析等将答案填入空白处，使短文前后连贯、意思通顺、结构完整合理。完形填空历来是中考中考生失分率较高的题型。只有通过平时多读多练，不断拓宽知识面，进一步了解英美风土人情等有关文化背景知识，熟练掌握英语习惯用语的表达等，才能为正确完成完形填空试题提供前提保障。 二、完形填空的设空规律有哪些？ 中考完形填空抛弃了传统的“语法知识型”命题模式，转变成“情境能力型”的命题趋势。它的一个显著特点就是突出语篇，即重在文意的干扰，一般与语法结构无太大关系，把具体的语言知识融进具体的语言情境中去，考查学生通过上下文对整体文意进行把握的能力。 （一）从文章结构看 1.首句通常不设空，以便考生对短文前提和背景有个较清楚的了解，从而使考生尽快熟悉语境、推测文章大意。 2. 短文设空平均密度为25个单词一个空。 （二）从语言层次看 考点设计对把握语段的要求在提高。我们可以把考点分为三个层次，即句子层次、句群层次和语篇层次 句子层次的设空 指那些只需读懂设空所在句便可选出答案的题目。 例：(2007年中考英语试卷 完形填空四选一 保留原题号) I 90 you were very busy then helping your friend get ready for her wedding — I am sure it was a success. A. remember B. explain C. hope D. expect 2. 句群层次的设空 指根据上下文的内容，经过推理判断可以得到答案的题目 前制性设空 即根据上文有关内容即可确定答案的题目。 后制性设空 指那些需要根据下文内容才能选出正确答案的题目/下文某处有提示。 前制性设空 例： It was an English speech contest. My mother asked me to take part in it. What a terrible idea! It meant I had to ____ in front of all the teachers and students of my school! A. write? ? B. speak? ? C. sing? ???D. dance 后制性设空例： 1). Nobody ____ him in the village. One day he said to them, “I know you don’t like me …” A. believed? ? B. liked? ???C. hated? ???D. knew 2). Country music comes from ____ kinds of music. One is the traditional music of tall mountain people in the eastern United States. The other is traditional cowboy music from the American West. A. many? ?? ?? ?B. all? ?? ???C. two? ?? ? D. three 3. 语篇性设空 指那些需要联系全文的情境、内容才能确定正确答案的设空。 1）I work as a volunteer for an organization that helps the poor in Haiti. Recently I took my son Barrett there for a week, hoping to 1? him … achieved all I’d expected. Soon he will celebrate his 18th birthday. He will be a man. (最后一句话)(? ?) 1. A. comfort? ? ? B. please? ? ? ? ??C. attract? ? ? ? ? D. educate 2）In New York, on a Friday night, a young artist stood at the gate of a train station. He was playing his _16