问答题整理改.doc

1.features of DCa mandatory contract and completely independent of the sales contract. be concerned only with documents and not the goods to which the documents refer. 一个托管合同和完全独立的销售合同, 只关注文件而不是货物。 ANS:unsolicited documentary credit if a documentary credit is received directly from an issuing bank ，liability for payment now rests with the issuing bank and not the buyer. the usual form is the ‘irrevocable’ credit, which means that it cannot be cancelled or amended without the agreement of the beneficiary(the exporter) and all other parties. a ‘confirmed irrevocable credit’ can enhance the security provided by an credit if other bank is requested by the issuing bank to add its ‘confirmation 2.Regulations for allied documents of DC跟单信用证文件 ANS:Credits should state an expiry date for presentation of documents. Credits should also stipulate a specified period of time after the issuance of the bills during which the documents must be presented for payment. If no such period is stipulated in the credit, banks will refuse documents presented to them later than 21 days after the issuance of the bills of lading. 3.requests of L/C for bills of lading L / C要求的提单 ANS: A.a full set of bills of lading B.the bills must be made out ‘to the order of the shipper’ and endorsed in blank. C.The bills must be marked ‘freight paid’ if the sales contract is CIF or CFR. D.The bills must be clean. i.e. bearing no superimposed clauses derogatory to the condition of the goods such as ‘inadequate packing’, ‘used drums’, ‘on deck’, etc. a. If not clean, the negotiating bank will deny the payment or call for an indemnity. b. Exception: if the credit has specifically permitted the circumstances contained in the clause, the unclean bills can also be paid. E. The bill of lading must show the goods to be ‘on board’a. ‘on board’ bills b. ‘received for shipment’ bills with a subsequent notation which states the goods to be ‘on board’ 4.Sea waybill海运单 ANS:It is not a document of title, but a receipt