翻译PPT演示文稿.ppt

1. Definition of idiom 2. Culture and idioms 3. Translation of idioms 1. Definition of idiom An idiom is an expression, word, or phrase that has a figurative meaning that is comprehended in regard to a common use of that expression that is separated from the literal meaning or definition of the words of which it is made. “……翻译者必须是一个真正意义的文化人。人们常说：他必须掌握两种语言，确实如此；但是，不了解语言当中的社会文化，谁也无法真正掌握语言。 —— 王佐良 《翻译中的文化比较》， 1984．1．《翻译通讯》 2. Culture and idioms 2.1 Different cultural backgrounds 2.2 Different customs 2.3 Different associative approaches 2.4 Different faiths and philosophical values 2.1 Different cultural backgrounds China is an agricultural country,so many idioms are based on agriculture. 骨瘦如柴 be as lean as a rake 对牛弹琴 cast pearls before swine 竹篮打水一场空 drawing water in a bamboo basket means drawing nothing. Britain is an island country surrounded by sea, so many idioms originate from it. Hoist your sail when the wind is fair. 好风快扬帆 Still waters run deep. 静水流深 A small leak will sink a great ship. 小洞不堵要沉大船 2.2 Different customs In Chinese, most idioms with 狗 contain derogatory senses: 走狗，狗仗人势，狼心狗肺，狐朋狗友。 However, in English “dog” is thought to be the most faithful friend of human-beings. You are a lucky dog 你是一个幸运儿。 Every dog has his day. 凡人皆有得意日。 Rain cats and dogs 下倾盆大雨 Work like a dog 努力卖命的工作 a gay dog 一个快乐的人 as [like] a dog with two tails 非常开心 2.3 Different associative approaches 如鱼得水 like a duck to water 多如牛毛 as plentiful as blackberries 一箭之遥 at stone’s throw 水中捞月to fish in the air 石沉大海remain a dead letter 守口如瓶dumb as an oyster 挥金如土to spend money like water 烂醉如泥 drunk as a sailor 画蛇添足 gild the lily 热锅上的蚂蚁 like a cat on a hot tin roof 湿得像落汤鸡as wet as a drowned rat 瘦得象猴子as thin as a shadow 吹牛 talk horse 如履薄冰to tread upon eggs 棋逢对手diamond cut diamond 挂羊头卖狗肉cry up wine and sell vinegar 2.4 Different faiths and philosophical values 受地理环境、民情风俗、思维方式、宗教信仰、民族心理等因素的