英汉翻译复习材料.docVIP

A New Coursebook On English-Chinese Translation Chapter One: Introduction of Translation Definition What is translation? Translatability (可译性) Translatability has limitations Classification ①intralingual translation interlingual translation ② interpretation translation ③Translation of literary works, of scientific materials ,of practical writing, of journalese (newspapers and magazines) ④ full text; extracted; adapted translation 1.2 Criterion of translation 1.2.1 Criterion at home and abroad (1)严复的 “信、达、雅” (faithfulness, expressiveness, elegance) (2) 钱钟书的 “化境” (sublimation) (3) 傅雷的 “神似” (similarity in spirit) (4) Alexander F. Tytler’s three principles of translation 1.2.2 Basic criterion : faithfulness smoothness Faithfulness ① Faithful to the original meaning e.g. 1. Jane does not work hard because she wants to earn money. 误译：因为简想赚钱，所以才不下力干。 改译：简并不是因为想赚钱才下力干的。 ②Faithful to the original style Never offer to teach fish to swim. 不要班门弄斧，孔门卖文。 They were crying crocodile tears on the old man’s funeral. 在老人的葬礼上他们只不过挤了几滴鳄鱼的眼泪。 Smoothness e.g.3 She not only laughs a lot but has a heart of gold. 误译：她不仅常常大笑，而且还有一颗黄金之心。 改译：她不仅笑口常开，而且还有一颗金子般的心。 1.2.3 Requirement for translator ①Profound linguistic ability ②Extensive knowledge of culture ③Highly sense of responsibility Chapter two Process of translation Comprehending, expressing, checking 2.1 Comprehending Comprehending and Expressing ①Linguistic analysis ②Contextual analysis 大家对你很有意见。 People have a lot of complaints about you. 你应该听从医生的意见。 You should follow the doctor’s advice. ③Logical analysis She did not marry you because you were a big shot. He is not absent because he is ill. I did not come ,because I had to stay with her. 2.2 Expressing ①Balanced connection between faithfulness and smoothness e.g.5 They had barely enough time to catch the train. 他们仅有足够的时间赶上火车。 他们差点没赶上火车。 e.g.6 ﹍and that government of the people, by the people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth. 并且使这个民有，民治，民享的政府永世常存。 要使这个归人民所有，由人民管理