[工学]70t级铁路储油罐车焊接结构及工艺设计.doc

摘 要 随着中国成功地加入世界贸易组织(WTO)，中国的经济取得了空前的高速发展。国家投资基础设施建设的力度越来越大，各种物资的流通运输和周转量逐年增加 ，经济发展对交通运输行业提出了更高的要求和挑战。铁道运输作为国民经济发展的大动脉，货车运能远远不能满足物资运输的需求，铁道运输“重载化”已成为现阶段铁路运输的重要课题。 为提高运能，适应国民经济发展的需要，近年来，铁道部实施了跨越式发展战略，铁路货车向“重载化、快捷化”的方向发展，出台了70t级货车的重载技术政策，先后研制成功了70t级新型敞车、平车、棚车等重载货车，为全面开行重载列车创造了条件。 70t级新型轻、粘油罐车是按照铁路货车重载技术政策要求设计开发的轴重23t的重载罐车，该车采用无中粱结构，载重较G70和G17B型罐车提高8t和7t。为适应重载，提高了车辆强度校核标准，新型罐车对车辆结构的可靠性提出了更高的要求，牵枕结构作为罐车车承上启下的关键部件，传递着牵引和各项冲击载荷，承载着各种垂向、横向载荷，受力非常复杂，该结构的可靠性直接关系到罐车整车的运行安全。本文通过对70t级新型无中梁罐车牵枕结构的设计、选型和开发思路作以论述，探讨无中粱罐车牵栋结构的一般规律，从而对一般无中梁罐车的设计和选型提供帮助。 关键词： 70t级；无中梁罐车；车枕结构；设计；分析 Abstract With Chinas successful accession to the World Trade Organization (WTO), Chinas economy has achieved an unprecedented high-speed development. Increasing the intensity of the national investment in infrastructure construction, distribution and transportation of various materials and the turnover increased year by year. Economic development has put forth higher demands and challenges on the transportation industry. Railway Transport as the main artery of the national economic development, , trucked far can not meet the needs of the transportation of materials,and the Railway Transport overload has become an important issue of rail transport at the present stage. In order to improve the transport capacity to meet the needs of national economic development, the Ministry of Railways implemented a leap-forward development strategy in recent years which leaded the development of railway wagons to the overloaded,time-saved of the direction .It has brought out the overloaded technology policy for 70t class truck including a 70t class of new gondola car, flat car, boxcar and other heavy goods vehicles, and has create the conditions for the full opening line of heavy haul train. 70t class of new light, sticky oil tanker is an overloaded tankers(axle load 23t ), a stub sill tangk car , which is designed and developed with accordance to the requirement of railway wagons overloaded technology policy , its loa