2015整理被动语态讲解及练习附答案.doc

初中被动语态讲解及配套练习 主动语态与被动语态的概念：注：☆及物动词有被动语态，不及物动词必须带有介词才可以有被动语态。例：⑴We listen to the teacher carefully in class. 主 谓 宾→The teacher is listened to by us carefully in class. 主　 谓　 介词短语 ⑵Ｗe laughed at him . → He was laughed at by us. 二：注：我们初中主要掌握前面四种的用法时 态 动词的被动形式　　　　例　　　　　　　　句　　一般现在时 is done　　　　　 He is asked to do this.　　一般过去时 was done　　　　 The story was told by her mother.　　一般将来时 will be done　　　 The problem will be discussed tomorrow.现在进行时 is being done　　　 The novel is being written.　　过去进行时 was being done　　 At that time the desk was being made.现在完成时 has been done　　 The house has been built.　　过去完成时 had been done　　 They said that their work had been finished.过去将来时 would be done　　 He said the trees would be planted soon.　　 三、 被动语态的各种句型：１、 Ｔhe song is liked by young people. (肯定句)２、 Ｔhe song isn’t liked by young people　　（否定句）３、 Is the song liked by young people ?　　　（一般疑问句）４、 Who is the song liked by ?=By whom is the song liked?　（特殊疑问句）四、 主动语态改被动语态的方法：方法分为三步：⑴把原句中的宾语改成主语 ⑵动词改为变动形式be done(同时注意时态) ⑶原来的主语如果需要的话放在介词by后面，以指明做事的 人或物，如果没有必要则省去例：The man killed a tiger.→ A tiger was killed by the man .(改的过程中要注意时态和语态两个方面)五、 特殊句型的被动语态：1 含有使役动词（make /let /have）或感官动词（hear ,see, listen to ,look at ,find ,watch,feel等）的句子，在主动语态中这些词后常跟不带to的动词不定式，但是在改成被动语态时，则一定要把省去的to再加上去，另外help这一个词在主动语态中后面的动词不定式可以带to,也可不带to, 但在被动语态中也必须把to加上去。例：①Mother often makes me do some housework. →I am often made to do some housework by mother. ②We saw him run into the classroom. →He was seen to run into the classroom by us. 带省to 的不定式作宾补的被动语态：动词+ sb + do sth .口诀：感使动词真叫怪，to来to去记心怀，主动语态to离去，被动语态to回来。动词：make / let /have /see /hear /feel /watch make sb do sth ----sb + be +made +to do sth  The boss made the workers work all day  The workers ______ ________ ____ work all day by the boss. 2 .带双宾语的被动语态： 动词+ sb(间宾) +sth(直宾)诀：如遇双宾语，一般变间宾，若把直宾变，to /for 间