TSEliot艾略特美国文学.ppt

T.S. Eliot（ 1888-1965） He was born in Missouri on September 26, 1888. He lived in St. Louis during the first eighteen years of his life and attended Harvard University. In 1910, he left the United States for the Sorbonne, having earned both undergraduate and masters degrees and having contributed several poems to the Harvard Advocate. After a year in Paris, he returned to Harvard to pursue a doctorate in philosophy, but returned to Europe and settled in England in 1914. The following year, he married Vivienne Haigh-Wood and began working in London, first as a teacher, and later for Lloyds Bank. It was in London that Eliot came under the influence of his contemporary Ezra Pound, who recognized his poetic genius at once, and assisted in the publication of his work in a number of magazines. In 1927 he became a British citizen . After a notoriously unhappy first marriage, Eliot separated from his first wife in 1933, and was remarried, to Valerie Fletcher, in 1956. In 1948 he received the Nobel Prize for Literature. In 1965 he died in London. His Aesthetic Views 1. A poem should be an organic thing in itself, a made object. Once it is finished, the poet will no longer have control of it. It should be judged, analyzed by itself without the interference of the poet’s personal influence and intentional elements and other elements. 2. Modern life is chaotic, futile, fragmentary, so poetry should reflect this fragmentary nature of life and this kind nature of life should be projected, not analyzed. 3. The poet should draw upon tradition: use the past to serve the resent and future( the past, present, future interrelate), borrow from authors remote in time, alien in language, diverse in interest, use the past to underscore what is missing from the present. 1915: The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock 《普鲁弗洛克的情歌》 1922: The Wasteland 《荒原》 1935-1942: Four Quartets 《四个四重奏》 1935: Murder in the Cathedral 《大教堂谋杀案》 1939: Family Reunion 《合家团聚》 1949: The Cocktail Party 《鸡尾酒会