正统形象的塑造与权势转移.pdf

正统形象的塑造与权势转移 正统形象的塑造与权势转移 ——以明代北岳祭祀争论为中心 厦门大学人文学院历史系2003 级本科生 齐仁达 [摘要] 五岳之制成型于秦汉。自秦汉以降，北岳恒山均指今河北曲阳西北之恒山今称 大茂山者而言，北岳之祭亦在曲阳。至金元始有道士僧众夸示浑源为恒山所在。 至明，浑源恒山在地方势力尤其是大同军事力量的推动下，地位和影响不断提 升,多次有官员要求改祀北岳于浑源。至清顺治十七年 （1660 年），正式改祀。 大同地方军事保护信仰需求对于浑源恒山地位在明代不断上升起了重要作用， 诸此反映了话语权力的转移、地域社会变迁及其与国家之间的互动关系。 [关键词] 北岳 恒山 曲阳 浑源 改祀 第 1 页 共 28 页 正统形象的塑造与权势转移 Expositions on Beiyue Hengshan ——Focus on worship controversy in Ming dynasty [Abstract] Wuyue (Five Sacred Mountains ，五岳)System is formed during Qin-Han dynasty. Since then ,Beiyue （北岳）Hengshan （恒山）is on the northwest of Hebei Quyang （曲阳）which is called Damaoshan （大茂山）now. The central plains dynasty had been worshiping Beiyue at Quyang. There were taoists and monks who claimed that Beiyue Hengshan was in Hunyuan（浑源）since Jin-Yuan dynasty. During Ming dynasty ,the status and impact of Hunyuan Hengshan was upgrading under the help of local forces especially the Datong(大同)military .Several officials requested changing the worship place from th Quyang to Hunyuan.In Shunzhi （顺治）17 （1660）,the Qing government changed the worship place formally. The author tries to analysis the process and reasons of Hunyuan Hengshan’status upgrading in Ming dynasty from the perspective of Datong military safety need and hopes to open out the interactive relations between words power, local society and the state. [Keywords] Beiyue Hengshan Quyang Hunyuan The change of worship place 第 2 页 共 28 页 正统形象的塑造与权势转移 一 引言 秦汉时期，五岳之制正式确立。自秦汉至明代，北岳恒山的地望当在河北曲阳西北之恒 山，今称大茂山或者神仙山。北岳之祭祀亦在曲阳。明代，