勞動經濟學(Borjas_ Chs7 , 12).doc

勞動經濟學(Borjas: Chs7 , 12) 期末考 (90/1/10) ● Open book:任何資料均可參考，就是不能參考其他人的答案。 ● 題目有三頁,正反兩面。 班級: ● 請注意時間限制。(2:10pm-4:00pm) 姓名: ● 總分: 100分。 學號: 題目卷請連同答案卷一起交回。 I. True (T) or False (F): 是非題, 不必說明。(計10題,每題4分。) 答案請直接寫在題號前面。答案若是,請寫上T;若非,請寫F。 Time rates are used by firms when it is cheap to monitor the output of workers. Workers allocate more effort to the firm when the prize spread between the winners and losers in the tournament is very high. If there are unobserved ability differences in the population, earnings differentials across workers do not estimate the returns to schooling. If both workers face the same wage-schooling locus, the one with higher discount rate will tend to have more years of education. A dollar received today does not have the same value as a dollar received tomorrow. Workers sort themselves into those occupations for which they are best suited. This self-selection implies that we cannot test the hypothesis that workers choose the schooling level that maximizes the present value of lifetime earnings by comparing the earnings of different workers. If education plays only a signaling role, workers with more schooling earn more because education increases productivity. Some firms might want to pay wages above the competitive wage in order to motive the workforce to be more productive. However, when doing so, the firm may lose money. The theory of efficiency wage is the solid explanation for inter-industrial wage differentials. A delayed compensation contract explains the existence of mandatory retirement in the labor market. 計算題(共兩題,計30分,請寫明計算過程,答案請直接寫在試題下面空白處) Suppose that Carl’s wage schooling locus is given by: (Total: 12 points) Years of schooling (s) Earnings (w) Marginal rate of return 9 $10000 %請至小數點下一位 10 12800 % (請於下空白描述 計算過程,才計分) 11 16000 % 12 18500 % 13 20350 % (請於下空白描述 計算過程,才計分) 14 22000 % 15 23100 % 16 23800 % 17 24000 % 18 24100 % Derive the marginal rate