3 四级写作六项基本原则.ppt

写作的“六项基本原则” 一、 长短句原则 特点：长短句结合，抑扬顿挫。 1 在文章第一段（开头）用一长一短，且先长后短； 2 在文章主体部分，要先用一个短句解释主题，然后在阐述几个要点的时候采用先短后长的句群形式，定会让主体部分妙笔生花！ 3 文章结尾一般用一长一短就可以了。 As a creature, I eat; as a man, I read. Although one action is to meet the primary need of my body and the other is to satisfy the intellectual need of my mind, they are in a way quite similar.  二、 主题句原则 特点：主题句非常重要。如果没有主题句，会给人造成“群龙无首”之感！  To begin with, you must work hard at your lessons and be fully prepared before the exam. Without sufficient preparation, you can hardly expect to answer all the questions correctly.  三、 一 二 三原则 特点：只要把下面任何一组的词汇加入到你的几个要点前就清楚了。 1）to begin with, then, furthermore, finally（强烈推荐） 2）to start with, next, in addition, finally（强烈推荐） 3）first and foremost, besides, last but not least（强烈推荐） 4）most important of all, moreover, finally 5）on the one hand, on the other hand（适用于两点的情况） 6）for one thing, for another thing（适用于两点的情况）  四、 短语优先原则 特点：其一、用短语会使文章增加亮点，其二、关键时刻思维短路，只有凑字数，怎么办？ I cannot bear it. 可以用短语表达：I cannot put up with it. I want it. 可以用短语表达：I am looking forward to it. 这样字数明显增加，表达也更准确。 五、 多变句式原则 1）加法（串联） I enjoy music and he is fond of playing guitar. Not only the fur coat is soft, but it is also warm. 其它的短语可以用： besides, furthermore, likewise, moreover  2）转折（拐弯抹角） The car was quite old, yet it was in excellent condition. The coat was thin, but it was warm. 更多的短语： still, however, nevertheless, in spite of, despite, not withstanding  五、 多变句式原则 3）因果（so, so, so） The snow began to fall, so we went home. 更多短语： then, therefore, consequently, accordingly, hence, as a result, for this reason, so that  4）失衡句（头重脚轻，或者头轻脚重） 其实就是主语从句，表语从句，宾语从句的变形。 举例：This is what I can do. Whether he can go with us or not is not sure.  五、 多变句式原则 5）附加（多此一举） 多为同位语从句或定语从句 1 The man whom you met yesterday is a friend of mine.  2 I don’t enjoy that book you are reading.  3 Mr. Liu, our oral English teacher, is easy-going.  五、 多变句式原则 6）排比（排山倒海句） 1 Whether your tastes are modern or tra