4 验证与确认（VV）.ppt

验证与确认（VV）Verification Validation 验证 vs 确认 验证－Verification Are you building the product right ? 确认－Validation Are you building the right product ? 验证 vs 确认 确认活动使用的手段是和验证活动相似的 目的是不同的 You built it right Vs. You built the right thing 确认活动的特点之一是经常有客户参与确认 验证活动经常是和确认活动一起进行的 验证（VER） 目的: 确保被验证的工作产品满足规定的要求 验证 - Specific Goals SG 1 Prepare for Verification Preparation for verification is conducted 为验证工作做好准备 SG 2 Perform Peer Reviews Peer reviews are performed on selected work products 对指定的工作产品进行同行评审 SG 3 Verify Selected Work Products Selected work products are verified against their specified requirements 对选择的工作产品进行验证，确保符合要求 验证-目标关系 验证 – 目标1 验证－目标1 SP 1.1 Select Work Products for Verification Select the work products to be verified and the verification methods that will be used for each 选择待验证的工作产品和验证方法 验证的方法 Reviews Unit Test Integration Test System Test Acceptance tests 验证－目标1 SP 1.2 Establish the Verification Environment Establish and maintain the environment needed to support verification 建立和维护支持验证活动的环境 软硬件设施 Checklist 验证－目标1 SP 1.3 Establish Verification Procedures and Criteria Establish and maintain verification procedures and criteria for the selected work products 建立和维护对指定工作产品进行验证规程和准则 验证 – 目标2 验证 – 目标2 SP 2.1 Prepare for Peer Reviews Prepare for peer reviews of selected work products 为指定工作产品进行同行评审做准备 提交工作产品 准备和分发评审材料 检查同行评审材料的完备性 指定职责和侧重点 安排时间地点和环境 要求预先检查 验证 – 目标2 SP 2.2 Conduct Peer Reviews Conduct peer reviews on selected work products and identify issues resulting from the peer review 对指定工作产品进行同行评审，识别同行评审中发现的问题 验证 – 目标2 SP 2.3 Analyze Peer Review Data Analyze data about preparation, conduct, and results of the peer reviews 对同行评审的准备工作、评审和评审结果进行数据分析 注意点：要保护同行评审数据，防止滥用 数据分析的作用 避免问题再次出现 确定下次仍能找到它 尝试更早地发现此问题 寻找发现此类缺陷的最佳途径 提醒可能有类似问题的人 验证 - 目标3 验证 - 目标3 SP 3.1 Perform Verification Perform verification on the selected work products 对指定的工作产品进行验证 验证 - 目标3 SP 3.2 Analyze Verification Results Analyze the results of all verification activities 分析验证活动的结果