03 高分子英语.docVIP

2003级高分子专业英语期末考试试卷 ranslate the following terms (翻译下列专业术语) (每道2分，共40分) 1 结晶性 结晶度crystallinity 2 聚合度 degree of polymerization 3 竟聚率（reactivity ratio） 4 连锁反应（chain reaction） 5无规线团模型（random coil model） 6力学性能 机械性能 mechanical property 7数均分子量 number average molecular weight 8立构规整性 stereoregularity 9混合物 mixture 10管式反应器 tubular reactor 11 twin screw extruder machine (双螺杆挤出机) 12 nucleophilic substitution (亲核取代) 13 molecular weight distribution 分子量分布 14 nuclear magnetic resonance 核磁共振 15 root-mean-square end-to-end distance 根均方末端距 16 coordinative polymerization (配位（离子）聚合) 17 from a superficial point of view 从表面上看 18 randomly branched polymer 无规支化聚合物 19 conformation 构象 20 three-neck flask 三颈瓶 anslate the following paragraphs or sentences (翻译下列短文或句子) （每道4分，共60分） 1 Not all polymers are built up from bonding together a single kind of repeating unit. At the other extreme, protein molecules are polyamides in which n amino acid repeat units are bonded together. Although we might still call n the degree of polymerization in this case, it is less useful, since an amino acid unit might be any one of some 20-odd molecules that are found in proteins. In this case the molecular weight itself, rather than the degree of polymerization, is generally used to describe the molecule. 并非所有聚合物都由单一一种重复单元键合而成。从一个极端情况上看，蛋白质分子是由n个氨基酸重复单元组成而成的聚酰胺。尽管我们仍然可以把n叫做聚合度，但一个氨基酸单元可以是组成蛋白质分子的二十多种分子的其中一种，所以它没有多大的作用。在这种情况下，分子量本身通常用于描述分子，而不是聚合度。 2 Resin coloring is done either by adding dry powder dye during the compounding process or by the use of color concentrates at the time of molding. 树脂着色既可利用在共混过程中加入干粉状颜料来实现，也可通过在成型时加入色母料来实现。 3 Solubility reations in polymer systems are more complex than shose among low-molecular-weight compounds,because of the size differerces between polymer and solvent molecules,the viscosity of the system,and the effects of the texture and molecular weight of the polymer. 由于聚合物分子与溶剂分子的大小不同，聚合物体系的粘度以及聚合物分子量和组织结构的影响，因此聚合物的溶解比低分子化合物要复杂得多。 4 The random coil arises from the